拐卖事件对被拐个体生命轨迹变迁的影响

Impact of trafficking on individual life trajectory

利用田野调查和网站登记的案例资料,运用生命历程理论与模糊损失理论,从被拐卖、被收养、开始寻亲到寻亲成功这一过程揭示被拐儿童的生命轨迹变迁型态与走向,并进一步探究其影响机制。结果发现:(1)被拐儿童的生命轨迹线整体呈现波动型和平稳型两种型态,寻亲成功后,他们的生命轨迹线仍然按照各自的处境持续发生变化。(2)被拐儿童的生命轨迹变迁型态与收养家庭的优劣程度密切相关,生活在恶劣型家庭的被拐儿童的生命轨迹线波动起伏较大,生活在中间型和良好型家庭的被拐儿童生命轨迹线比较平缓。(3)在整个寻亲过程中,宏观的社会变迁对被拐儿童的生命轨迹具有非常强的形塑力,但个体能动性的诠释力也不容忽视。(4)即使生命轨迹平稳向上流动的被拐儿童,也难以抵消拐卖经历带来的不利影响,拐卖事件通过连锁反应、持久作用、交互作用与累积效应多重作用力持续影响被拐儿童的生命轨迹变迁。

Child trafficking is a serious social problem,causing numerous family tragedies and undermining social stability.Based on the case data obtained from field investigation and public welfare platforms,the life course theory and theory of ambiguous loss are used to revealed the patterns and trends in the life trajectory of trafficked children,they go through four stages:Being trafficked,being adopted,seeking relatives,and recontacting biological family.The results indicate:1)The life trajectory of trafficked children shown a fluctuating or stable pattern as a whole.After recontacting biological family,their life trajectory will continue to change according to their circumstances.2)Changes in the life trajectories of trafficked children were closely related to the adoptive families.The life trajectory of trafficked children living in bad families fluctuates greatly,while that of trafficked children living in intermediate and good families was relatively flat.3)In the process of seeking relatives,tremendous social changes have a strong influence on the life trajectory of trafficked children,but the interpretation force of individual initiative cannot be ignored.4)Even if the life trajectory of a child was smooth and upward,it can hardly offset the negative effects of trafficking,such as chain reaction,persistent,interaction and cumulative effect.