2016-2019年我国G2P[4]型A组轮状病毒的流行病学和临床特征分析

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of G2P[4]group A rotavirus in China from 2016 to 2019

目的了解2016—2019年G2P[4]型A组轮状病毒(group A rotavirus,RVA)在我国腹泻住院患儿中的流行病学和临床特征,为G2P[4]型RVA防控提供数据支持。方法收集2016年1月至2019年12月我国病毒性腹泻监测网络数据,各监测省采集我国5岁以下腹泻住院患儿标本19667份,其中RVA阳性患儿标本5437份。监测网数据的采集和整理采用EpiData 3.0软件和Excel 2010,应用SPSS 26.0软件进行数据分析。结果2016—2019年间在5437份RVA阳性标本中G2P[4]型RVA 200份,构成比为3.68%(200/5437)。不同年份(χ^(2)=38.35,P<0.001)、月份(χ^(2)=62.69,P<0.001)、年龄(χ^(2)=9.53,P=0.049)RVA阳性患儿G2P[4]型RVA构成比差异具有统计学意义。农村与城市RVA阳性患儿G2P[4]型RVA构成比差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.01,P=0.045)。与非G2P[4]型RVA相比,G2P[4]型RVA住院患儿呼吸道感染占比较少(χ^(2)=6.07,P=0.014);G2P[4]型RVA住院患儿发热占比较多(χ^(2)=6.68,P=0.010);而腹泻(χ^(2)=0.88,P=0.643),呕吐(χ^(2)=0.23,P=0.629),神经系统症状(χ^(2)=0.18,P=0.668),皮疹、败血症等并发症(χ^(2)=0.45,P=0.504)差异无统计学意义。结论2016—2019年我国G2P[4]型RVA流行趋势逐渐下降,秋冬季是其季节高峰,年龄高峰为24~36月龄,在农村易感染,易出现发热。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of G2P[4]group A rotavirus(RVA)in hospitalized children with diarrhea in China from 2016 to 2019,and to provide data support for the prevention and control of G2P[4]RVA.Methods The data of viral diarrhea surveillance network in China from January 2016 to December 2019 were collected.A total of 19667 specimens of hospitalized children with diarrhea under 5 years old were collected from all monitoring provinces,including 5437 RVA positive specimens.EpiData 3.0 software and Excel 2010 were used for data collection and collation of viral diarrhea monitoring network,and SPSS 26.0 software was used for data analysis.Results 200 G2P[4]RVA specimens were detected from 5437 RVA positive specimens,and the constituent rate of G2P[4]RVA was 3.68%(200/5437)There is a statistically significant difference in the constituent ratio of G2P[4]RVA among RVA positive children in different years(χ^(2)=38.35,P<0.001),months(χ^(2)=62.69,P<0.001),and ages(χ^(2)=9.53,P=0.049).There is a statistically significant difference in the constituent ratio of G2P[4]RVA between rural and urban RVA positive children(χ^(2)=4.01,P=0.045).Compared with non-G2P[4]RVA hospitalized children,G2P[4]RVA hospitalized children had less proportion of respiratory tract infection(χ^(2)=6.07,P=0.014),G2P[4]RVA hospitalized children had higher proportion of fever(χ^(2)=6.68,P=0.010),there was no significant differences in diarrhea(χ^(2)=0.88,P=0.643),vomiting(χ^(2)=0.23,P=0.629),extraintestinal neurological symptoms(χ^(2)=0.18,P=0.668),and no significant difference in rash,sepsis and other complications(χ^(2)=0.45,P=0.504).Conclusions The epidemic trend of G2P[4]RVA in China gradually decreased from 2016 to 2019,and the autumn and winter were G2P[4]RVA seasonal peaks.And the peak age was 24-36 months.There were a higher infection risk in rural areas,and fever was more than other genotypes.