基于遥感生态指数的岳阳市乡村旅游点生态环境变化研究

A RSEI-based study of ecological environment change of rural tourist sites in Yueyang

乡村旅游是实现乡村振兴的重要路径,良好的生态环境是乡村旅游可持续发展的前提。以岳阳市乡村旅游点为研究样本,聚焦乡村旅游点生态环境质量监测,探寻监测乡村旅游点生态环境质量变化的科学方法。运用遥感生态指数(RSEI)评估岳阳市生态环境变化等级,并将乡村旅游点的地理位置与遥感生态指数分级图进行GIS叠加,分析乡村旅游点生态环境变化区域分布特征及幅度。研究表明:(1)岳阳市乡村旅游点的生态环境保持较好,质量等级未发生变化、下降一级和下降两级的乡村旅游点分别为74、40和3个,分别占乡村旅游点总数(117个)的63.2%、34.2%和2.6%。(2)岳阳市乡村旅游点生态环境变化具有明显的区位性和异质性,生态环境质量呈现显著变差区域集中于乡村旅游点密集区,生态环境质量存在明显变差区域分布在平原水网地区,丘陵山地乡村旅游点生态环境质量变化不明显。(3)岳阳市乡村旅游点生态环境质量变化与旅游点管控级别、开发规模、旅游收入存在一定的相关性。研究结果可作为乡村旅游点生态环境质量等级的判定依据,实现生态环境质量的可控性预警,保障乡村旅游的可持续发展。

Rural tourism has received considerable attention as an important way to achieve rural revitalization.Among those key factors,a good ecological environment is the premise of sustainable development of rural tourism.This paper explored the methods and path to monitor the change of ecological environment quality in rural tourist sites,using the rural tourist sites in Yueyang city as the research sample,which focused on the monitoring of ecological environment quality in rural tourist sites.Applying RSEI(remote sensing ecological index),ecological environment change grades of Yueyang city was evaluated,and then superimposed with geographical location of rural tourist sites by GIS to clarify the regional distribution characteristics and range of environmental quality change of rural tourist sites.The results showed that:(1)The ecological environment of rural tourist site in Yueyang City maintained a good state,the quality grades which had no change,decreased by one grade and by two grades were 74,40 and 3 respectively,accounting for 63.2%,34.2%and 2.6%of the total number of rural tourism sites(117).(2)The ecological environment change of rural tourist sites had obvious location features and heterogeneity.The ecological environment was deteriorated significantly in the areas with dense rural tourist sites.Furthermore,ecological environment quality in the plain water network area was deteriorated greatly,while hilly areas were no obvious change.(3)It indicated a certain correlation between the change of ecological environment quality of rural tourist sites and its management level,development scale and tourism income of tourist sites.The results of the paper can be used as the criteria for determining the grade of ecological environment quality of rural tourist sites,so as to realize the controllable early warning of ecological environment quality and ensure the sustainable development of rural tourism.