“三生空间”视角下城市人居环境质量时空演变及障碍因子诊断——以河北省为例

Spatio-temporal evolution of urban habitat quality from the perspective of“Three Life Spaces”and diagnosis of obstacles-- Taking Hebei Province as an example

提高城市人居环境质量是促进城市可持续发展、提升民众生活幸福感的重要基础和手段。本文利用2010—2020年河北省11地市面板数据,从“三生空间”视角构建评价指标体系并采用熵权TOPSIS法对城市人居环境质量进行测算,并综合运用标准差椭圆分析、变异系数和障碍因子诊断模型探讨城市人居环境质量的时空演变特征并诊断其障碍因子。结果发现:(1)研究时段内城市人居环境质量整体呈上升趋势,各地市间差距逐渐缩小,呈现以石家庄、唐山和廊坊3市为主的高质量核心区域,以沧州、邯郸、保定、张家口、承德和秦皇岛6市为主的过渡区域,以邢台,衡水3市为主的低质量边缘区域。(2)在空间上呈“核心集聚,局部连片”的分布格局,整体表现为冀中>冀北>冀南的空间格局。(3)各地市间城市人居环境质量差距不断缩小,其中高水平区域内部差异明显缩小,中等区域内部差异呈现波动上升变化,而低水平区域内部差异则基本保持稳定。(4)影响河北省城市人居环境质量的主要障碍因子为人均GDP、GDP年增长率、城镇居民人均消费支出、PM2.5浓度、污水处理率。

Improving the quality of urban human settlements environment was an important basis and means to promote urban sustainable development and enhance people′s sense of well-being.By using the panel data of 11 cities in Hebei Province from 2010 to 2020,this paper constructed the evaluation index system from the perspective of“Three Life Spaces”and used the entropy weight TOPSIS method to measure the quality of urban human settlements environment.On this basis,this paper used the standard deviation ellipse analysis,coefficient of variation and obstacle factor diagnosis model to explore the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of urban human settlements environment quality and diagnose its obstacle factors.The results showed that:①The quality of urban human settlements environment in the study period was on the rise as a whole,and the gap between different cities was gradually narrowed,showing high-quality core areas dominated by Shijiazhuang,Tangshan and Langfang,transitional areas dominated by Cangzhou,Handan,Baoding,Zhangjiakou,Chengde and Qinhuangdao,and low-quality marginal areas dominated by Xingtai and Hengshui.②In terms of space,it was characterized by“core agglomeration,local connection”,and the overall performance was as follows:Central Hebei>Northern Hebei>Southern Hebei.③The gap of urban human settlement environment quality among cities was becoming narrow.The internal differences of high-level regions were significantly reducing,the internal differences of medium-level regions were fluctuating and rising,while the internal differences of low-level regions were basically stable.④The main obstacles affecting the quality of urban human settlements environment in Hebei Province were per capita GDP,annual GDP growth rate,per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents,PM2.5 concentration and sewage treatment rate.