山西省屠宰生猪肺脏细菌的分离及耐药性检测

Isolation and Drug Resistance Detection of Bacteria in Lungs of Slaughtered Pigs in Shanxi Province

为了解山西省生猪肺脏细菌分布及耐药情况,2019年采集山西省11个地市20个屠宰场的521份生猪肺脏组织样品,进行细菌分离培养及16S rRNA鉴定,并对4种主要菌株进行耐药性检测。结果显示,521份肺脏组织样品中共检出133个菌株,其中,革兰阴性菌(G-)105株、革兰阳性菌(G+)28株;经鉴定,共分离出18种细菌,其中,检出率较高的4种细菌依次为大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli,25.6%)、不动杆菌(Acinetobacter,22.6%)、葡萄球菌(Staphylococci,8.3%)、气单胞菌(Aeromonas,7.5%);其中,山西北部地区以大肠埃希菌为主,中部地区以大肠埃希菌和葡萄球菌为主,南部地区以不动杆菌为主。耐药性检测结果显示,大肠埃希菌对复方新诺明、青霉素G和四环素均有较高的耐药率,分别为56.0%、53.0%、47.0%;不动杆菌对复方新诺明的耐药率最高,为50.0%;气单胞菌对青霉素G的耐药率最高,为80.0%;葡萄球菌对检测药物均不耐药。综上,山西省生猪肺脏分离细菌多数为革兰阴性菌(G-),不同地区猪肺脏组织分离出的优势菌不同,且不同地区分离出的相同细菌耐药性也存在差异并存在多重耐药现象。

In order to understand distribution and drug resistance of bacteria in lungs of pigs in Shanxi province,521 lung tissue samples of the pigs slaughtered from 20 slaughterhouses at 11 cities in Shanxi province were collected in 2019.Bacterial isolation and cultivation and 16S rRNA identification were conducted,and the drug resistance of four dominant bacterial strains was detected.The results showed that 133 bacterial strains were isolated from 521 lung tissue samples,of which 105 strains were Gram-negative bacteria(G-)and 28 strains were Gram-positive bacteria(G+).By detection,18 different bacteria were isolated.The order of four kinds of bacteria with the highest detection rate were Escherichia coli(25.6%),Acinetobacter(22.6%),Staphylococci(8.3%)and Aeromonas(7.5%),respectively.Furthermore,the main isolate at northern Shanxi was Escherichia coli,the main isolates at central Shanxi were Escherichia coli and Staphylococci,and the main isolate at south Shanxi was Acinetobacter.Drug resistance test results revealed that Escherichia coli had high drug resistance rate to cotrimoxazole,penicillin G and tetracycline and the drug resistance rate were 56%,53%,and 47%.The drug resistance rate of Acinetobacter to cotrimoxazole was the highest and was 50%.The drug resistance rate of Aeromonas to penicillin G was the highest and was 80%.Staphylococcus was not resistant to any of the tested drugs.Above all,the results showed that the most of the bacteria isolated from the lung tissue samples of the pigs in Shanxi province were Gram-negative bacteria(G-),the dominant bacteria isolated from the lung tissue samples of the pigs in different areas were different.What’s more,the drug resistance of the same bacteria isolated from different areas had difference and multiple drug resistances.