中欧班列对区域环境友好发展影响效应研究

Influence Effects of the China Railway Express on the Regional Environmentally-Friendly Development

中欧班列的快速发展是推动“一带一路”倡议高质量建设的重要抓手。以2007—2019年中国277个地级市面板数据为样本,运用多时点DID模型、中介效应模型、空间DID模型探究中欧班列开通对区域环境的影响效应。研究显示:中欧班列开通显著促进区域环境友好发展,在安慰剂、PSM-DID、工具变量检验后结论依然稳健。机理分析表明:提升城市创新水平和加快产业结构升级是中欧班列环境效应实现的重要路径,同时,该影响还存在明显的城市区位、类型、产业集聚水平异质性。拓展研究发现:中欧班列的环境友好作用存在显著空间溢出效应,且开通城市间的溢出效应大于组间传导效应。研究为推动中欧班列高质量建设和“一带一路”绿色发展提供经验借鉴。

The rapid development of the China Railway Express(CRE)is an important key for promoting the high-quality construction of the“Belt and Road initiative”.The panel data of 277 prefecture-level cities in China from 2007 to 2019 were used as samples.This paper explored the influence of operating the CRE on the regional environment by using the multi-period DID model,mediating effect model,and spatial DID model.The study results show that the opening of the CRE has significantly promoted regional environmentally-friendly development,and the findings remain robust after placebo,PSM-DID,and instrumental variable tests.The mechanism analysis shows that enhancing urban innovation level and accelerating the upgrading of industrial structures are important paths to realize the environmental effect of CRE.In addition,the effect has a significant heterogeneity of urban location,type,and level of industrial agglomeration.The extended research shows that there is a significant spatial spillover effect of the environmentally-friendly effect of the CRE,and the spillover effect between cities served by CRE is greater than the conduction effect between groups.The research conclusion has provided an experience for speeding up the high-quality construction of CRE and the green development of the“Belt and Road initiative”.