中间品外资进入自由化如何影响制造企业绿色低碳转型?

How does FDI Inflow Liberalization of Intermediate Inputs Affect the Green and Low-carbon Transformation of Manufacturing Enterprises?

中间投入品作为物化型技术溢出,是制造业企业绿色低碳转型的重要影响因素。本文从行业间投入产出关联的视角出发,以历年外资准入政策为事实依据,结合投入产出表,构建了与上游中间品外资进入自由化程度指标,并探讨了其对下游制造企业绿色低碳转型的影响。研究发现,外资中间品绿色技术溢出导致的有偏技术进步和企业自身的技术吸收能力是最重要的影响途径,且中间品外资进入自由化程度提高对绿色低碳转型的促进作用在低技术行业和低生产率企业中更加显著。进一步研究发现,外资中间品的绿色技术溢出对内部治污能力弱和外部减排成本低的下游企业作用更大。鉴于此,我国应进一步调整并优化外资引进策略,积极参与国际生产分工,加强上游中间品生产商绿色技术与下游行业低碳生产之间的衔接与互动,促进企业绿色低碳转型。

As materialized technology spillover,intermediate inputs are important factors affecting the green and low-carbon transformation of manufacturing enterprises.From the perspective of input-output linkages between industries,this paper constructs an index of FDI inflow liberalization in the upstream intermediate products,based on foreign investment access policies over the years combined with the input-output table,and discusses its impact on the green and low-carbon transformation of downstream manufacturing enterprises.It is found that the partial technological progress caused by the green technology spillover of foreign-intermediate products and the technology absorptive capacity of enterprises themselves are the most important influence channels.And the promotion of green low-carbon transformation by the improvement of the liberalization of FDI entry in intermediate inputs is more significant in low-tech industries and low-productivity enterprises.Further research shows that the green technology spillover of foreign intermediate inputs plays a greater role in downstream enterprises with weak internal pollution control capacities and low external emission reduction cost.In view of this,China should further adjust and optimize the foreign investment policy,actively participate in the international division of production,strengthen the connection and interaction between green technology of upstream intermediate producers and low-carbon production of downstream industries,and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of enterprises.