基于健康企业建设的员工心理健康水平现况调查

Cross-sectional study on employees'mental health based on construction of healthy enterprises

目的了解基于健康企业建设的员工心理水平现状,为员工提供专业心理咨询或干预、实施员工心理援助计划提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样,于2021年10月选取山东省临沂市某玻璃纤维加工厂工龄≥1年的员工采用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、匹兹堡睡眠指数量表、职业紧张测量核心量表进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果本次共调查888名员工,不同年龄、工龄、月收入、是否接触职业病危害因素、是否为轮班作业的员工抑郁检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);不同人口学特征间焦虑检出率比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);是否轮班作业的员工间睡眠质量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同性别、年龄组员工职业紧张水平比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);影响员工职业紧张水平的因素有性别、年龄和抑郁水平。结论山东省临沂市某玻璃纤维加工厂员工心理水平现状不容乐观,运用心理自评量表对员工心理健康进行初筛有助于及时发现具有异常心理症状的员工,对及时为其提供心理干预、全方位保护员工身心健康具有一定实际意义。

Objective To understand the employees'mental health based on construction of healthy enterprises,professional psychological counseling or intervention for employees,and provide reference basis for implementation of employee psychological assistance plan.Methods In October 2021,the cluster sampling was used to collected employees who had worked for more than 1 year in a glass fiber factory in Linyi City of Shandong Province,they were investigated with self-rating depression scale,self-rating anxiety scale,Pittsburgh sleep index scale and occupational stress measurement core scale,and the data were analyzed.Results A total of 888 employees were investigated.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of depression among employees of different age,length of service,monthly income,exposure to occupational disease hazards and shift work(all P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of anxiety among employees of different demographic characteristics(all P>0.05).There was statistically significant difference in sleep quality between employees working in shifts or not(P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the level of occupational stress among employees of different gender and age(all P<0.01).The factors that affect employees'occupational stress level were gender,age and depression level.Conclusions The mental level of employees in a glass fiber processing plant in Linyi City of Shandong Province is not optimistic.The preliminary screening of employees'mental health by using psychological self-assessment scale is helpful to find employees with abnormal psychological symptoms in time,which is of practical significance to provide them with psychological intervention in time,and protect employees'physical and mental health.