北京地区某医院2019—2022年儿童流感门诊流行性感冒筛查与监测分析

Screening and monitoring analysis of pediatric influenza outpatient in a hospital in Beijing from 2019 to 2022

目的了解解放军战略支援部队特色医学中心儿童流行性感冒(流感)门诊病例流行病学特点,为该院儿童流感就诊和预防提供指导。方法收集解放军战略支援部队特色医学中心2019年1月1日—2022年3月31日门诊日志,回顾性分析就诊患儿中流感分型、年龄特征、感染时间分布特征、与新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)流行时间的关系等。结果2019年1月—2022年3月,该院儿科门诊总计接诊流感阳性病例3672例,其中,甲型流感阳性率最高(2427例,7.94%),所占比例最高(66.09%)。10~14岁年龄段患儿阳性率最高(629例,17.98%)。发病高峰为冬春季。新冠肺炎疫情期间冬春季病例数减少,主要病原分型由甲型流感转为乙型流感。结论该院地处北方,儿童流感冬春季高发,患儿发病年龄特征明显。新冠肺炎疫情暴发后,病例数减少,主要病原分型由甲型流感转为乙型流感。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric influenza cases at the Strategic Support Force Medical Center and provide guidance for the treatment and prevention of pediatric influenza in the hospital.Methods The outpatient logs of Strategic Support Force Medical Center from January 1,2019 to March 31,2022 were collected,and a retrospective analysis was conducted on the influenza subtypes,age characteristics,distribution of infection time,and relationship with the epidemic of COVID-19 among the patients.Results From January 2019 to March 2022,a total of 3672 pediatric influenza-positive cases were diagnosed in the hospital,with the highest positive rate of influenza A(2427 cases,7.94%),and the highest positive rate among children aged 10-14 years(629 cases,17.98%).The incidence peak was in the winter and spring seasons.During the COVID-19 epidemic,the number of cases in the winter and spring seasons decreased,and the main pathogenic subtype changed from influenza A to influenza B.Conclusions Located in the north,the hospital had a high incidence of pediatric influenza in the winter and spring seasons,and the age characteristics of the patients were obvious.After the outbreak of COVID-19,the number of cases decreased,and the main pathogenic subtype changed from influenza A to influenza B.