2019—2021年广东省住院严重急性呼吸道感染病毒病原谱分析

Investigation of viral etiology with sever acute respiratory infection of hospitalized patients in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2021

目的了解2019—2021年广东省住院严重急性呼吸道感染(sever acute respiratory infection,SARI)患者常见病毒病原体的感染状况和流行病学特征,为SARI的临床诊断和防控提供参考依据。方法对2019—2021年收集的SARI患者呼吸道标本,采用Luminex呼吸道多病原检测技术对呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、人鼻病毒/肠道病毒(HRV/EV)和人偏肺病毒(HMPV)等常见呼吸道病毒进行检测分析。结果共收集流感阴性病例1948例,病毒感染总阳性检出率为24.28%,其中HRV/EV检出率最高(10.32%)、其次为RSV(4.31%)。不同年龄组病毒检出率差异有统计学意义(Χ^(2)=176.186,P<0.05),以0~4岁年龄组检出率最高,为41.50%。男性病毒检出率和女性病毒检出率差异无统计学意义(Χ^(2)=0.042,P>0.05)。RSV的检出高峰主要集中在夏秋两季,HMPV以冬季为主要流行季节,HRV/EV和ADV无明显季节性。39份样本存在混合感染,混合感染率为2.00%,混合感染病例中以HPIV和HRV/EV合并感染最为常见。结论2019—2021年广东省SARI流感阴性住院病例主要检出病毒病原体为HRV/EV、RSV、HMPV和ADV,建议重点加强5岁以下儿童的SARI病例监测。

Objective To investigate the infection status and epidemiological characteristics of viral pathogens in hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infection(SARI)in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2021,so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and prevention.Methods The respiratory tract samples of SARI patients collected from 2019 to 2021 were detected and analyzed for respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),human rhinovirus/enterovirus(HRV/EV),human metapneumonic virus(HMPV)and other common respiratory viruses using Luminex respiratory multi-pathogen detection technology.Results A total of 1948 influenza-negative cases were collected,of which 24.28%were positive detection of virus infection.HRV/EV was the highest(10.32%),followed by RSV(4.31%).The detection rates were statistically significantly different among different age groups(Χ^(2)=176.186,P<0.05),and the highest detection rate was found in the group aged at 0 to 4 years(41.50%).There was no statistically significant between the male virus detection rate and the female virus detection rate(Χ^(2)=0.042,P>0.05).The detection peaks of RSV were mainly concentrated in summer and autumn,while HMPV was prevalent in winter,and HRV/EV and ADV had no obvious seasonality.Mixed infection was found in 39 samples,and the mixed infection rate was 2.00%.In the mixed infection cases,HPIV and HRV/EV combined infection was the most common.Conclusion HRV/EV,RSV,HMPV and ADV are predominant viral pathogens in SARI influenza-negative hospitalized cases in Guangdong Province from 2019 to 2021.It is recommended to strengthen the surveillance of SARI cases in children under 5 years old.