加油站作业人员职业健康检查结果分析

Results of occupational health examination for gas station workers

目的了解加油站作业人员职业健康现状,分析早期健康损害特点,为该行业劳动者职业健康监护重点提供参考。方法以2021年在天津市某职业健康检查机构进行在岗期间职业健康检查的加油站作业人员作为研究对象,对异常检查结果进行统计分析。结果共有381名加油站作业人员纳入研究,男女性别比1.40∶1。异常检查项由高至低前三位是腹部彩超(39.63%)、尿常规(29.13%)和血压(23.62%),脂肪肝检出占腹部彩超异常的74.83%。分析不同性别检查结果异常情况,男性血压、脂肪肝和肝功能异常检出率高于女性(Х^(2)=16.40、25.40、15.98,P<0.05),肝功能指标中男性Y-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)偏高检出明显高于女性(Х^(2)=16.04,P<0.05),女性尿常规异常检出率高于男性(Х^(2)=12.85,P<0.05),其中尿白细胞和尿血阳性明显高于男性(Х^(2)=16.80、11.66,P<0.05)。加油站作业人员的心电图异常检出率随年龄增长而升高(Х^(2)=28.02,P<0.05),血压偏高异常随年龄和工龄增长均呈现出升高趋势(Х^(2)=25.00、15.26,P<0.05)。结论加油站作业人员长期接触有机溶剂、苯系物等化学有毒物质和夏季高温、冬季低温等物理因素会对健康造成一定影响,用人单位应合理安排工作制度,有针对性地开展职业健康监护工作。

Objective To understand the occupational health status of gas station workers,to analyze the characteristics of early health damage,and to provide a reference for the occupational health monitoring of workers in this industry.Methods The gas station workers who underwent occupational health examination in an occupational health examination institution in Tianjin in 2021were selected as the research subjects.The examination results were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 381 gas station workers were included in this study,with a sex ratio of male to female of 1.40∶1.The top three tests with abnormal results from high to low were abdominal color Doppler ultrasound(39.63%),urine routine(29.13%),and blood pressure(23.62%).The detected fatty liver accounted for 74.83%of abnormal abdominal color Doppler ultrasound.Analysis of abnormal results of different genders showed that the detection rate of abnormal blood pressure,fatty liver and liver function in males was higher than that in females(Х^(2)=16.40,25.40,15.98,P<0.05),the detection rate of high GGT in males was significantly higher than that in females(Х^(2)=16.04,P<0.05).The detection rate of abnormal urine routine in females was higher than that in males(Х^(2)=12.85,P<0.05),and the positive rate of urine white blood cells and blood in urine were significantly higher I women than those in men(Х^(2)=16.80,11.66,P<0.05).The abnormal detection rate of electrocardiogram of gas station workers increased with age(Х^(2)=28.02,P<0.05),and the abnormality of high blood pressure showed an increasing trend with age and working years(Х^(2)=25.00,15.26,P<0.05).Conclusion The longterm exposure of gas station workers to chemical toxic substances such as organic solvents and benzene series and physical factors such as high temperature in summer and low temperature in winter will have a certain impact on health.It is suggested that employers should reasonably arrange their work systems and carry out occupational health monitoring in a targeted manner.