湖州市市售黄酒邻苯二甲酸酯污染健康风险评价

Health risk assessment of phthalic acid esters contamination in market-available yellow rice wine in Huzhou City

目的了解浙江省湖州市市售黄酒中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物(PAEs)污染水平并评价健康风险,为保障黄酒食用安全提供依据。方法于2021—2022年采集湖州市市售黄酒样品,采用磁性固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法检测16种PAEs,采用美国环境保护署健康风险评估模型评价黄酒中PAEs的致癌风险和非致癌风险。结果采集黄酒样品75份,检出PAEs污染44份,检出率为58.67%。检出邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP),DMP、DIBP无限量标准,DBP超标17份,超标率为22.67%。DMP、DIBP和DBP未列入国际癌症研究所分类标准2B类及以上致癌物,无明确致癌风险。在PAEs含量均值水平下,黄酒样品均不存在非致癌风险;在PAEs含量75%分位值水平下,塑料包装饮料酒DBP的非致癌风险值为1.2075,总非致癌风险值为1.2075;在PAEs含量最高值水平下,塑料包装料酒、塑料包装饮料酒、玻璃瓶装饮料酒和陶瓷坛装饮料酒总非致癌风险值分别为2.7510、2.7820、1.2982和2.9440,存在非致癌风险。结论湖州市市售黄酒存在一定程度的PAEs污染,未发现致癌风险,但长期摄入高PAEs残留的黄酒可能存在非致癌风险。

Objective To investigate the contamination of phthalic acid esters(PAEs)and assess the health risk of PAEs contamination in market-available yellow rice wine in Huzhou City,Zhejiang Province,so as to provide the safety safeguard for consuming yellow rice wine.Methods Yellow rice wine samples were collected from markets in Huzhou City from 2021 to 2022,and 16 PAEs were determined in yellow rice wine using magnetic solid-phase extraction cou⁃pled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of PAEs were evaluated using the health risk models proposed by United States Environmental Protection Agency.Results A total of 75 yellow rice wine samples were collected,and 44 samples were detected with PAEs contamination(58.67%).Dimethyl phthalate(DMP),di-isobutyl phthalate(DIBP)and di-butyl phthalate(DBP)were detected,and there were 17 samples(22.67%)detected with DBP overdose(DMP and DIBP had no limit standard).DMP,DBP and DIBP,which were not classified as Class 2B and higher carcinogens by WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer,had no defini⁃tive carcinogenic risks.Under mean PAEs,the five types of yellow rice wine all had no carcinogenic risks.Under 75%percentile of PAEs concentrations,the DBP in beverage wine with plastic packaging had a carcinogenic risk score of 1.2075,with a gross carcinogenic risk score of 1.2075.Under the maximum PAEs concentration,the ross carcinogen⁃ic risk scores of cooking wine with plastic packaging,beverage wine with plastic packaging,beverage wine with glass bottle packaging,and beverage wine with jar packaging were 2.7510,2.7820,1.2982 and 2.9440,presenting noncarcinogenic risks.Conclusion There is PAEs contamination in market-available yellow rice wine in Huzhou City,and no carcinogenic risk is evaluated.Non-carcinogenic health risk requires to be given a high priority.