舟山市固定无偿献血者营养健康知识调查

Investigation on nutritional health knowledge among regular unpaid blood donors in Zhoushan City

目的了解浙江省舟山市固定无偿献血者营养健康知识知晓情况,为开展无偿献血者营养健康教育提供参考。方法采用方便抽样方法,抽取2021年1月1日—2022年6月30日舟山市中心血站固定无偿献血者为调查对象,采用中国疾病预防控制中心统一编制的《中国成年居民营养健康知识问卷》进行调查,描述性分析固定无偿献血者营养健康知识知晓情况及获取途径。结果发放问卷526份,回收有效问卷502份,有效回收率为95.44%。调查男性240人,占47.81%;女性262人,占52.19%。18~<45岁343人,占68.33%;≥45岁159人,占31.67%。营养健康知识知晓率为14.54%;其中,女性固定无偿献血者知晓率为17.56%,高于男性的11.25%;18~<45岁固定无偿献血者知晓率为16.91%,高于≥45岁者的9.43%;大专及以上学历固定无偿献血者知晓率为17.24%,高于高中/中专/技校及以下者的12.22%;从事医疗健康相关行业的固定无偿献血者知晓率为16.44%,高于其他职业者的14.22%(均P<0.05)。微信、微博、抖音、快手等平台是获取营养健康知识的主要途径,421人占83.86%。结论舟山市固定无偿献血者营养健康知识知晓率较低,男性、中老年人群、低文化程度人群是营养健康教育的重点关注人群,可多利用新媒体开展营养健康教育。

Objective To investigate the awareness of nutritional health knowledge regular unpaid blood donors in Zhoushan City,Zhejiang Province,so as to provide insights into nutrition and health education among unpaid blood do⁃nors.Methods The regular unpaid blood donors were sampled using a convenient sampling method from Zhoushan Cen⁃tral Blood Station from January 1,2021 to June 30,2022.The nutritional health knowledge was investigated using the Chinese Nutrition Health Knowledge Questionnaire for Adults compiled by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Pre⁃vention,and the awareness and source of nutritional health knowledge was descriptively analyzed.Results Totally 526 questionnaires were allocated,and 502 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 95.44%.The respondents included 240 men(47.81%)and 262 women(52.19%),and included 343 individuals at ages of 18 to 44 years(68.33%),and 159 individuals at ages of 45 years and older(31.67%).The overall awareness of nutritional health knowledge was 14.54%among regular unpaid blood donors in Zhoushan City,and a higher awareness was seen among female regular unpaid blood donors(17.56%)than among males(11.25%)(P<0.05),while the awareness of nutri⁃tional health knowledge was significantly higher among respondents at ages of 18 to 44 years than among those at ages of 45 years and older(16.91%vs.9.43%,P<0.05).The awareness of nutritional health knowledge was significantly high⁃er among respondents with an educational level of junior college and above than among those with an educational level of high school/technical secondary school/technical school(17.24%vs.12.22%,P<0.05),and the awareness was significantly higher among respondents with healthcare-related occupations than among those with other occupations(16.44%vs.14.22%,P<0.05).Wechat,Weibo,Tik Tok and Kuaishou were main routes to obtain nutritional health knowledge(83.86%).Conclusions The awareness of nutritional health knowledge is low among regular unpaid blood donors in Zhoushan City.Men,middle-aged and elderly residents and residents with a low educational level are targets that should be given a high priority for nutritional health education,and new media may be fully utilized for nutritional health education.