云南个旧锡矿区区域人体重金属暴露研究

STUDY ON HUMAN HEAVY METAL EXPOSURE IN GEJIU TIN MINING AREA,YUNNAN

本文采集了个旧锡矿区附近个旧、蒙自和开远三个城市随机人体后枕部头发样品100件,测试As,Cd,Cr,Pb,Hg,Cu,Zn七种重金属全量,并与其他矿区人发重金属含量对比分析。结果表明,人发中As元素超标率最高;Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd和Cr含量几何均值空间分布距离矿区越近均值越大的特点;As、Pb和Cd之间呈显著正相关,性别和年龄在人发中七种重金属的积累贡献较小;个旧矿区区域成人和儿童的致癌风险均超标,且成人风险大于儿童,非致癌风险也均超标,儿童风险大于成人;人体健康评价对比结果表明,As、Zn和Hg致癌风险最大,需引起重视。

100 samplesof random human hair from occipital area were collected from three cities of Gejiu,Mengzi and Kaiyuan near the Gejiu tin mining area.The total contents of As,Cd,Cr,Pb,Hg,Cu and Zn in these samples were analyzed and compared with those of other mining areas.The results show that the exceeding standard rate of As element in human hair is the highest,whilethe geometric mean of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd and Cr content increases with the decrease of the spatialdistance from the mining area,andthere is a significant positive correlation between As,Pb and Cd.Gender and age contribute less to the accumulation of seven heavy metals in human hair.The carcinogenic risk of both adults and children in the Gejiu mining area exceed the standard,and the risk of adults is greater than that of children.As a contrast,the non-carcinogenic risk of both also exceed the standard,but the risk of children is greater than that of adults.The assessment of human health indicates that more attention needs to be paid to As,Zn and Hg,which have the highest carcinogenic risk.