欧洲石油公司上游业务转型策略与启示

European IOCs Upstream Transition Strategy and Enlightenments

能源清洁低碳化是人类文明的进步,是世界发展的趋势。中国作为世界主要经济体,既是全球气候挑战的一部分,也是积极应对气候挑战的重要力量。中国油气企业全面掌握全球能源发展趋势、落实国家碳中和碳达峰战略要求、高效完成转型发展势在必行。该文简要梳理欧洲石油公司优化上游结构、积极发展新能源的能源安全策略;在借鉴其先进做法的同时,探讨符合中国国情和中国油气企业发展特点的转型建议:以保障国家能源安全为首要任务,明确在能源转型的长期过程中油气资源的核心定位,平稳实现能源接替;正视新能源技术高投入、高风险的特征,坚持互利共赢开放战略,构建多类型、多区域、多模式的投资组合,从而对冲外部风险;立足国情和企业实际,渐次推进能源转型,全面塑造发展新优势。

Using clean and low-carbon energy is the progress of human civilization and the trend of world development.As a major economy in the world,China is not only a part of the global climate challenge,but also an important part of its solutions.Under the trend of global developmnet,it is imperative that Chinese oil and gas companies should implement the national carbon neutrality and carbon peak strategy and efficiently complete the transformation and development of their companies.This paper briefly summarizes the energy security strategies of European international oil companies(IOCs)to optimize upstream structure and actively develop new energy.By learning from European IOCs'advanced practices,it also discusses the transition suggestions in line with China's national conditions and the development characteristics of Chinese oil and gas companies as follows:1)ensure the national energy security as the primary task,define the core positioning of oil and gas resources in the long-term process of energy transition,and realize energy replacement smoothly;2)face up to the high investment and high risk of new energy technology,and adhere to the open strategy of mutual benefit,and build a multi-type,multi-region and multi-model investment portfolio to hedge external risks;and 3)based on Chinese national conditions and companies'advantages,promote multi-level energy transition,and comprehensively create new advantages for development.