不同冷棚类型对沙窝萝卜种植小气候与品质的影响

Effects of Different Cold Shed Types on Planting Microclimate and Quality of Shawo Radish

【目的】为沙窝萝卜种植冷棚类型的选择及闲置或低效日光温室的改建再利用提供参考。【方法】采用差异显著性及隶属函数法,分析小型日光温室改建冷棚、中型日光温室改建冷棚和专用水泥柱简易冷棚种植沙窝萝卜温室内的空气温度、湿度、光照强度及沙窝萝卜的表观品质和化学品质的差异。【结果】小型、中型日光温室改建冷棚及简易冷棚的空气温度、湿度和光照强度均满足沙窝萝卜生产需求;3类冷棚间空气温度和湿度无显著差异,光照强度简易冷棚显著偏高,小型、中型日光温室改建冷棚间无显著差异;沙窝萝卜的表观品质以简易冷棚的最优,化学品质以日光温室改建冷棚的最优,综合品质3类冷棚差异较小,表现为简易冷棚>小型日光温室改建冷棚>中型日光温室改建冷棚。【结论】小型、中型日光温室改建冷棚与简易冷棚种植沙窝萝卜的效果差异较小,对日光温室改建种植沙窝萝卜是促进闲置或低效日光温室改建再利用的可行方式。

【Objective】The effects of different cold shed types on planting microclimate and quality of Shawo radish are studied to provide a reference for selection of cold shed types,and reconstruction and reuse of idle and low efficiency solar greenhouse in production of Shawo radish.【Method】The variation in air temperature,humidity and light intensity of cold sheds and apparent and chemical quality of Shawo radish planted in three cold shed types of simple cold shed,cold shed rebuilt from mini-sizesolar greenhouse and cold shed rebuilt from medium-size solar greenhouse is analyzed by the different significance and membership function methods.【Result】The air temperature,humidity and light intensity of three cold shed types all meet growth requirement of Shawo radish.There is no significant difference in air temperature and humidity among three cold shed types but the light intensity in simple cold shed is higher than other two cold shed types significantly.There is no significant difference in light intensity between the cold shed rebuilt from mini-size solar greenhouse and cold shed rebuilt from medium-size solar greenhouse.The apparent quality of Shawo radish planted in the simple cold shed is the best and the chemical quality of Shawo radish planted in the cold shed rebuilt from mini-tsize solar greenhouse and cold shed rebuilt from medium-size solar greenhouse is the optimum.There is no obvious difference in comprehensive quality of Shawo radish among three types of cold sheds and the comprehensive quality of Shawo radish planted in three types of cold sheds is the simple cold shed>the cold shed rebuilt from mini-size solar greenhouse>the cold shed rebuilt from medium-size solar greenhouse.【Conclusion】There are no obvious differences in apparent and chemical quality of Shawo radish among three types of cold sheds,which indicates that reconstruction ofsolar greenhouse for cultivation of Shawo radish is the feasible pattern to promote reuse of idle or low efficiency solar greenhouses.