微滤多孔煤矸石基陶瓷膜支撑体制备及性能研究

Preparation and Performance of Microfiltration Porous Gangue-based Ceramic Membrane Support

陶瓷膜具有过滤精度高、耐强酸强碱、理化性能稳定、使用寿命长等优点被广泛应用于废水处理、气体分离等领域。支撑体作为陶瓷膜重要组成部分,可为陶瓷膜提供孔隙结构、抗折强度等。以煤矸石、黄土为主要原料,碳粉为造孔剂、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)为黏结剂采用挤压成型法制备出煤矸石陶瓷膜支撑体,探究烧结温度及造孔剂含量对支撑体抗折强度、纯水通量、晶相演变,微观结构等理化性能的影响。研究结果表明,随着烧结温度的升高,支撑体的抗折强度和纯水通量逐渐上升。当烧结温度为1125℃、碳粉添加量为10 wt.%时支撑体性能最佳。此时,可制备出纯水通量为40294.69 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)·MPa^(-1),抗折强度为23.57 MPa,显气孔率为29.63%,平均孔径大小为2504.7 nm,酸/碱腐蚀率为1.63%/1.02%,孔隙率为49.9%的低成本、高性能的无机陶瓷膜支撑体。

Owing to the advantages of high filtration accuracy,resistance to strong acids and alkalis,stable physical and chemical properties and long service life,Ceramic membranes have been widely used in wastewater treatment and gas separation.As an important part,the support provides pore structure and flexural strength for ceramic membranes.The support of gangue ceramic membrane was prepared by using extrusion method with gangue and loess as the main raw materials,carbon powder as the poro-forming agent and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)as the binder.The effects of sintering temperature and poro-forming agent content on the physical and chemical properties of the support,such as flexural strength,pure water flux,crystal phase evolution and microstructure,were studied.It is demonstrated that flexural strength and pure water flux of the support rose gradually with the increase of sintering temperature.The optimal performance of the proppant was achieved at a sintering temperature of 1125℃and a carbon powder addition of 10 wt.%.A low-cost high-performance inorganic ceramic membrane support,with a pure water flux of 40294.69 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)·MPa^(-1),a flexural strength of 23.57 MPa,a sensible porosity of 29.63%,a pore size of 2504.7 nm,a rate of acid and alkali loss of 1.63%/1.02%and a porosity of 49.9%,can be produced.