精神障碍患者未成年子女与父母的亲子沟通及相关因素

Parent-child communication and related factors in adolescents with parents affected by mental disorders

目的:父母患有严重精神障碍,亲子养育功能不良,可能对其未成年子女的身心健康和成长环境造成影响,本研究拟了解患者家庭的亲子沟通状况并探讨其影响因素。方法:采用横断面研究设计,调查患者的12~17岁子女,收集人口学信息、家庭特征和亲子沟通情况;采用亲子沟通量表评估父子/母子沟通的开放性和问题性。结果:149例子女中,70.5%父母诊断为精神分裂症,63.8%家庭不经常沟通;因素分析显示,主要照料者是否为父母影响亲子沟通量表得分(P<0.01);父母照料组较之非父母照料组,母子/父子沟通的总分和开放性得分以及亲子沟通频率均更高(P<0.01)。结论:严重精神障碍患者家庭亲子沟通频率低;在父母不作为子女主要照料者的家庭,亲子沟通情况相对更差。

Objective:Severe mental disorders frequently 1ead to dysfunction in parenting for the patients,which may influence the physical and mnental health as well as the gtowing environment of their children.This study was to understand the parent-child communication status and its related factors in farmilies of parents suffering from severe menta1 disorders.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,children of parents with severe mental disorders aged 12 to 17 years old were recnuited.Demographic information,family characteristics and general parent_child communication features were collected by sel1f-deai gned fomm.The Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale(PACS)was used to evaluate the openness and problem of the communication between the fathers or mothers and their children.Results:Among 149 adolecents,70.5%of them had a parent diagnosed with schizophrenia.Parents did not often communicate with their children in 63.8%of the famnilies.Single and multple factor analyais showed that,whether the adolescents'primary caregivers were the parents influenced the PACS scores significantly(P<0.01).In the famnilies where the parents were the primary caregivers of their children,the total and openness scores of mother child communication and father child comnmunication as well as the frequency of parent-child communi-cation were significantly higher than those of the farmilies where the parents were not the primary caregivers of their children(P<0.01).Conclusion:It suggests the frequency of parent child communication be 1ow in families of pa-tients with severe menta1 disorders,and thesituation of parent-child communication be even worse in families where parents are not the primary caregivers of their children.