新时代的中国大气污染治理之路——历程回顾、成效评估与路径展望

China s Path of Air Pollution Control in the New Era:Process Review,Effectiveness Evaluation and Approach Outlook

大气污染不仅严重威胁人民群众的身体健康,而且对经济社会可持续发展带来严重影响。从党的十八大到党的二十大的十年间,中国政府秉持以人民为中心的执政理念,坚决向大气污染宣战,成功探索出一条“政府主导、部门联动、企业尽责、公众参与”的中国特色大气污染治理之路。新时代十年,从“大气国十条”到打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划,再到持续深入打好蓝天保卫战,中国的大气污染治理不断走向深入。新时代十年,中国的大气污染治理取得重大进展,主要大气污染物浓度大幅降低,空气质量达标率不断提高,区域性污染问题基本解决,重污染天数明显减少,空气质量等级正逐步向高水平收敛。“十四五”及未来更长一段时期内,中国的大气污染治理进入降碳、减污、扩绿、增长协同推进的新阶段,亟须加快构建协同推进体制机制为新时期的大气污染治理提供更加坚实的制度保障,推动中国大气污染治理之路行稳致远。

Air pollution not only seriously threatens public health,but also leads to serious impact on the sustainability of socioeconomic development.During the ten years from the 18th National Congress of the CPC to the 20th National Congress of the CPC,the Chinese government adhered to the ruling concept of taking the people as the center,resolutely declared war on air pollution,and successfully explored a road of air pollution control:“government-led,department-linked,corporate responsibility,and public participation”.In the decade of the new era,from the"Ten Principles of the Atmospheric State"to the three-year action plan to win the Blue Sky Defense War,and then to continue to deepen and fight the Blue Sky Defense War,China s air pollution control continues to deepen.In the past decade of the new era,China has made significant progress in air pollution control.The concentration of major air pollutants has significantly decreased,the rate of air quality compliance has continuously increased,regional pollution problems have been basically solved,the number of days of heavy pollution has significantly decreased,and air quality levels are gradually converging towards higher levels.In the 14th Five Year Plan and for a longer period in the future,China s air pollution control has entered a new stage of coordinated promotion of carbon reduction,pollution reduction,green expansion,and growth.It is urgent to accelerate the construction of a coordinated promotion system and mechanism to provide a more solid institutional guarantee for air pollution control in the new era,and to promote the stable and long-term path of China s air pollution control.