威坪方言高程度构式“X着哩”与“X来去”比较研究

A Comparative Study of the High Degree Structure“X zheli”and“X laiqu”in Weiping Dialect

本文以威坪方言高程度构式“X着哩”和“X来去”为专门的研究对象,分别从语义特征、句法功能和语用功能三个层面探讨了二者的共性与差异。语义特征上,“X着哩”兼表过量程度和极量程度,而“X来去”仅表极量程度;句法功能上,“X着哩”中“X”可以是性质形容词,也可以是状态形容词,而“X来去”中的“X”一般为单音节性质形容词或心理动词;语用功能上,“X着哩”多用于抱怨不满情绪,而“X来去”的感情色彩也趋向消极。最后,“X着哩”和“X来去”的形成既由语言自身演变因素决定,又受到共时语言接触因素的影响。

This paper takes Weiping dialect high degree structure"X zheli"and"X laiqu"as the special object of study,analyses the similarities and the differences in semantic features syntax function and pragmatic function.In terms of semantic characteristics,“X zheli”also shows the degree of excess and extreme degree,while“X laiqu”only shows the extreme degree.In terms of syntax function,“X”in“X zheli”can be a natural adjective or a state adjective,while“X”in“X laiqu”is generally a monosyllabic adjective or mental verb;In terms of pragmatic function,“X zheli”is mostly used for complaints,while“X laiqu”tends to be negative.Finally,the formation of“X zheli”and“X laiqu”is not only determined by the evolution of the language itself,but also influenced by the temporal language contact factors.