易地扶贫搬迁社区村干部角色弱化风险与重塑路径——基于陕南S县四个社区的观察

The Risk of the Weakening Role of Village Leaders in Resettled Communities for Ex-situ Poverty Alleviation and Approaches to Reshaping their Role:An Observation Study of Four Communities in S County in Southern Shaanxi Province

易地扶贫“搬得出”任务已经完成,当前普遍面临着安置社区如何有效治理的难题。易地扶贫搬迁社区兼具城乡双重属性,具有典型的“过渡型”特征。对陕南易地扶贫搬迁社区的调研发现,搬迁前的村干部仍然在新社区治理中发挥关键作用,但却存在一定的角色弱化风险,阻碍了社区秩序的重构。通过“空间-行动者-秩序”框架认为,易地搬迁带来的空间转型张力是产生村干部角色弱化风险的重要原因。后续要立足于易地扶贫搬迁社区整体空间,通过凝聚情感共识、推动制度引领、培育公共精神、弥合数字鸿沟等手段重塑村干部的规范角色,推动社区治理能力的提升。

The task of“moving out”for ex-situ poverty alleviation has been completed,and now the current difficulty is related to the effective management of the resettled communities which have both urban and rural attributes as well as typical“transitional”characteristics.This study of the resettled communities for ex-situ poverty alleviation in southern Shaanxi concludes that the village leaders appointed before the resettlement still play a key role in the governance of the new communities,but there is a certain risk of their weakening role,which hinders the reconstruction of the community order.Through the analytic framework of“space-actor-order”,it is concluded that the tension of spatial transformation brought about by the resettlement is a major cause for this risk.The follow-up measures should rely on the overall space of the community for ex-situ poverty alleviation and resettlement,and aim to reshape the normative role of village leaders and promote the improvement of the community governance capabilities by achieving an emotional consensus,promoting institutional guidance,cultivating the public spirit,and bridging the digital divide.