“看”与“被看”:20世纪30年代上海漫画中的女性空间——以郭建英漫画为中心

“Watching”and“Being Watched”,Female Space in the Shanghai Comics of the 1930s:Centering on Guo Jianying’s Comics

上海“公共公园”的出现为20世纪30年代的摩登女郎提供了一种进入公共空间,并建构“女性空间”的可能,然而这一空间同时也容易遭到男性目光的入侵。文章从20世纪30年代一系列以公共公园中的双面长椅为主题的漫画切入,并以新感觉派小说和《妇人画报》中关于“女子美”的讨论作为文本补充,透视郭建英漫画中的多重视线。通过分析漫画内、外诸多复杂的“看”与“被看”,发现20世纪30年代的摩登女郎正是通过对抗男性目光的凝视,并主动观看男性,从而逐渐摆脱传统性别秩序的束缚和影响,成为具有主体意识的现代女性的。

The emergence of“public parks”in Shanghai provided the possibility for modern women in the 1930s to enter public places and construct“female space”.However,this space is also susceptible to the intrusion of male gaze.The paper starts from a series of comics in the 1930s with the theme of double-sided benches in“public parks”,supplements the text discussion of“women’s beauty”in the New Sensation School novels and Women’s Pictorial,and explores the multiple perspectives in Guo Jianying’s comics.By analyzing the complex picture of“watching”and“being watched”inside and outside the comics,it is found that modern women in the 1930s gradually broke free from the constraints and influences of the traditional gender order,and became modern women with subjective consciousness by opposing male gaze and watching men actively.