互助合作运动中剩余劳动力的解决途径研究--以华中抗日根据地与陕甘宁边区的比较为视角

The Transfer of Rural Surplus Labor Forcein Mutual Aid and Cooperation:A Comparative Studyon Central China Anti-Japanese Bases and Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region

华中抗日根据地在组织互助合作运动过程中,提高了生产效率,但也面临着农村劳动力过剩,互助难以巩固的问题。针对人多地少,劳动力有剩余的状况,华中抗日根据地在开展互助合作中加强对劳动力的合理规划,组织劳动力合理流动,发展副业,将互助组与合作社结合起来,推行精耕细作,增加对农副业的投入。通过这些措施,较好地解决了劳动力剩余的问题,发掘了乡村的生产潜力,激发了民众的劳动积极性,促进了乡村社会经济的活跃,也提高了人民的生活水平,促进了互助合作事业的巩固。

During the process of mutual aid and cooperation,the productivity has been enhanced in Central China Anti-Japanese bases,notwithstanding the rural surplus labor force,and insufficient mutual aid.Therefore,measures have been taken to realize the rational deployment and transfer of labor force,development of sidelines,strengthening of mutual aid and cooperation,promotion of intensive cultivation,and increased investment in agricultural and sideline industries.The surplus labor force has been effectively transferred,together with the fully exploited production potential,the motivated enterprise and initiative of the farmers,invigorated rural economy,enhanced living standard,and consolidated mutual aid and cooperation.