深层低渗—特低渗油藏逐段增能吞吐开发方式研究

Study on development mode of increasing energy and huff and puff section by section in deep low permeability reservoir

黄骅凹陷大港油区Y油田为深层低渗—特低渗油藏,历经20多年的勘探开发,目前处于低速低效开发阶段,开发过程中存在产量递减快、采出程度低、储层敏感性强、注水注不进或水窜等问题。针对这些问题,借鉴页岩油开发经验,创新提出了“水平井+逐段增能吞吐”的特低渗油藏开发模式。该模式以水平井及大斜度井为主,采用水平段逐段射开投产,每一段均采用前期自喷、后期增能吞吐的开发方式,通过多段多轮次射开投产,提高特低渗油藏采出程度。通过对Y油田整体方案论证及部署,开展了现场试验,结果表明该方法提高了单井产能,可有效控制产量递减率,通过压裂注水补充能量,解决了前期存在的开发生产问题,形成了特低渗油藏效益开发的一种新模式。

After more than 20 years of exploration and development,the Y Oilfield in the Dagang oil area of Huanghua Depression is a deep low permeability and extra-low permeability reservoir,which is currently at the stage of low speed and low efficiency development.During the development process,there are problems such as fast decreasing production,low degree of recovery,strong reservoir sensitivity,and inability to inject water or water channeling.To address these problems,the“horizontal well+section-bysection energy enhancement and throughput”model for the development of ultra-low permeability reservoirs is innovatively proposed,drawing on the experience of shale oil development.This model mainly focuses on horizontal wells and highly deviated wells,and uses horizontal sections to shoot step by step and put into production,with each section using the development method of self-spraying in the early stage and energy-increasing throughput in the later stage.After several stages and rounds of shooting and then putting into production,it improves the recovery degree of low permeability reservoirs.Through the demonstration and deployment of the overall plan for the Y Oilfield,field test well group implementation was carried out.The results show that the method has improved the single well capacity.It can effectively control the production decline rate,and solves the pre-existing development and production problems by fracturing and water injection to replenish energy,forming a new model for the benefits development of extra-low permeability reservoirs.