基于水生植物修复的玄武湖生态水位研究

Study on ecological water level of Xuanwu Lake based on aquatic plant restoration

在野外采样调查水生植物种类、种群现状和空间分布的基础上,基于湖泊形态分析法和生物空间最小需求法确定了玄武湖最低生态水位,并进一步考虑水生植物的水位需求,制定了水生植物不同生长阶段的生态水位调控方案。结果表明:玄武湖水生植物种类丰富但覆盖度不高,为13.2%,沉水植物的覆盖度很低,为2.1%;玄武湖最低生态水位为9.6 m,萌发期水位为9.9 m时,有利于水生植物尤其是沉水植物的萌发,能达成30%的水生植被覆盖度目标;夏季水位为9.8 m时,能保障湖泊防洪安全,控制过度生长的荷花等挺水植物,促进玄武湖总体水生植物的生长与修复。

Based on field sampling surveys of aquatic plant species,population status and spatial distribution,the minimum ecological water level of Xuanwu Lake was determined using the lake morphology analysis method and the biological lowest space demand method.The water level regulation scheme of aquatic plants at different growth stages was formulated considering the water level demand of aquatic plants.The results show that the species of aquatic plants in Xuanwu Lake are rich,but the coverage is not high,which is 13.2%.The coverage of submerged plants is very low with a value of 2.1%.The minimum ecological water level of Xuanwu Lake is 9.6 m.The recommended water level during the germination stage is 9.9 m,which can reach the goal of 30%coverage of aquatic vegetation and is beneficial to the germination of aquatic plants,especially submerged plants.The recommended water level in summer is 9.8 m,which can guarantee flood control security,control overgrown emergent plants such as lotus flowers,and promote the growth and recovery of the overall aquatic plants in the lake.