数字经济影响出口质量的机制检验

Mechanism Test of Digital Economy Affecting Export Quality

文章基于中国31个省份2010—2020年的面板数据,采用改进的熵值法测度省域数字经济发展水平,并运用出口二元边际法测度省域出口质量,进而构建空间面板模型和中介效应检验模型,从数字基础设施、数字产业化、产业数字化三个不同维度和技术创新、人力资本、贸易成本三条不同路径实证分析数字经济对出口质量的直接和间接影响,并探究不同区域数字经济对出口质量的异质性影响。研究发现:数字经济对出口质量具有积极影响,其中,数字基础设施的贡献最大;同时,数字经济发展会通过促进技术创新、提升人力资本、降低贸易成本三种渠道来间接推动出口质量提升;分区域来看,中西部地区数字经济发展对出口质量的影响较东部地区更为明显,且中西部地区存在“扩散效应”,东部地区表现为“虹吸效应”。

Based on panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2010 to 2020,this paper adopts the improved entropy method to measure the development level of provincial digital economy,uses the dual margin method to measure the export quality,and constructs the spatial panel model and the mediation effect model.Then from three different dimensions of digital infrastructure,digital industrialization and industrial digitization,and also from three different paths of technological innovation,human capital and trade cost,the paper empirically analyzes the direct and indirect influences of China’s digital economy development on ex⁃port quality,and finally explores the impact of digital economy on export quality in different regions.The research findings are shown as below:Digital economy has a positive impact on the quality of exports,with digital infrastructure contributing the most.At the same time,the development of digital economy will indirectly promote the export quality through promoting technological innovation,improving human capital,and reducing trade costs.From the perspective of subregion,the influence of digital econo⁃my development on export quality in central and western regions is more obvious than that in eastern regions,and there is a“dif⁃fusion effect”in central and western regions,while a“siphon effect”is shown in the eastern part of the country.