酸性土壤背景下不同品种水稻对镉的吸收差异分析

Analysis of differences in cadmium uptake by different rice varieties under acidic soil background

以池州市贵池区某一矿山周围遭受到镉(Cd)污染的酸性土壤为背景,选用24种水稻进行大田试验,比较分析不同品种水稻对Cd吸收累积的差异,以期筛选出适合当地种植的Cd低积累水稻品种,为农用地安全利用提供品种依据。结果表明:1)不同水稻之间的根部、茎叶和籽粒的Cd含量差异显著,但每个品种的Cd含量分布均呈现出根部>茎叶>籽粒的规律;2)运用系统聚类分析发现荆占一号、隆稻3号、鄂中6号、荃早优406和梦两优丝苗这5种水稻与其他水稻相比,对Cd的吸收能力最弱;通过内梅罗综合污染指数分析发现,梦两优丝苗的污染指数显著低于其他品种,位于农产品安全警戒线内,对Cd的累积能力最弱;3)通过比较24种水稻对Cd的富集系数、转运系数和相关性分析发现,水稻籽粒Cd含量与籽粒富集系数、茎叶向籽粒转运系数显著正相关,与根部向地上部转运系数相关性不显著,梦两优丝苗的茎叶向籽粒的Cd转运系数以及籽粒富集系数均显著低于其他品种,呈现出Cd积累特性。综上,发现籼型两系杂交水稻梦两优丝苗可以作为本区域Cd低积累水稻品种进行种植。

In order to screen out rice varieties with low Cd accumulation suitable for local cultivation and provide a variety basis for the safe use of agricultural land,a field experiment with 24 kinds of rice was conducted on the acidic soil contaminated by cadmium(Cd)around a mine in Guichi District,Chizhou City.The results showed that:1)There were significant differences in Cd content in roots,stems and leaves and grains among different rice varieties,but the distribution of Cd content in each variety showed the rule of roots>stems and leaves>grains;2)Using systematic cluster analysis,it was found that compared with other rice types,Jingzhan No.1,Longdao No.3,Ezhong No.6,Quanzaoyou 406 and Mengliangyou Simiao have the weakest absorption capacity for Cd;the analysis found that the pollution index of Mengliangyou Simiao was significantly lower than that of other varieties,and it was located within the safety warning line of agricultural products,and the accumulation ability of Cd was the weakest;3)By comparing the enrichment coefficient,transport coefficient and correlation of 24 kinds of rice to Cd statistical analysis showed that the Cd content in rice grains was significantly positively correlated with the grain enrichment coefficient and the transport coefficient from stem to grain,but not significantly correlated with the transport coefficient from roots to shoots.And grain enrichment coefficients were significantly lower than other varieties,the characteristics of Cd accumulation.In conclusion,the result found that the indica two-line hybrid rice Mengliangyou Simiao can be planted as a low-accumulation rice variety in this region.