28份旱黄瓜种质资源分枝性评价与杂交后代主要农艺性状分析

Branching Evaluation of 28 Dry Cucumber Germplasm Resources and Analysis of Main Agronomic Characters of Their Hybrid Progenies

为筛选综合表现优良的多分枝旱黄瓜种质资源,选育适合省力化栽培的旱黄瓜品种,以28份旱黄瓜种质资源和15份杂交组合为供试材料,分析种质资源的分枝情况和杂交后代主要农艺性状与产量的关系。结果表明,种质资源的分枝情况随季节变化有所变化,春季第一分枝节位平均5.2节,较秋季略有上升,春季分枝率和有效分枝率均较低,分别为8.6%和80.7%,且变异较大,适合进行分枝性的评价筛选;综合分枝表现和品质表现,筛选出优良资源8份(首先是17s-208、17s-209、21A107和21A118,其次是17s-200、17s-205、21A115、21A116)进行杂交配组;利用获得的杂交组合进行灰色关联度分析、相关分析和通径分析,明确侧蔓产量、节间长、茎粗和分枝率是影响省力化栽培旱黄瓜杂交组合总产量的主要因素,与总产量的关联度分别为0.9539、0.9215、0.8999和0.8233,相关系数分别为0.96^(**)、0.56^(**)、0.13和0.17,侧蔓产量的直接通径系数为1.0177,节间长、茎粗和分枝率的直接通径系数均为0,间接通径系数分别为0.4364、0.1520和0.4141。因此,在进行分枝性种质资源的筛选及省力化栽培杂交配组和品种选育时,可以加强对侧蔓产量、节间长、茎粗和分枝率各性状的选择。

In order to screen multi‑branch dry cucumber germplasm resources with good comprehensive performance and breed dry cucumber varieties suitable for labor‑saving cultivation,28 dry cucumber germplasm resources and 15 cross combinations were used as test materials,the branching status of cucumber germplasm resources and the relationship between yield and main agronomic traits of hybrid progenies were analyzed.The results showed that the branching performance of germplasm resources varied with the seasons.The average node of the first branch in spring was 5.2 nodes,which was slightly higher than that in autumn,the branching rate and effective branching rate in spring were 8.6%and 80.7%,respectively,which were lower than those in autumn,and the variation was larger,suitable for the evaluation and screening of branching.Eight excellent resources(17s‑208,17s‑209,21A107 and 21A118,followed by 17s‑200,17s‑205,21A115 and 21A116)were selected to perform hybridization groups.By using hybridization combinations for gray correlation analysis,correlation analysis and path analysis,the results showed that the yield of lateral vine,the length of internode,the diameter of stem and the branching rate were the main factors affecting the total yield of dryland cucumber hybrid combinations,and the correlation degrees with the total yield were 0.9539,0.9215,0.8999 and 0.8233,respectively,and the correlation coefficients were 0.96^(**),0.56^(**),0.13 and 0.17 respectively.The direct path coefficient of lateral vine yield was 1.0177.The direct path coefficients of internode length,stem diameter and branching rate were all 0,the indirect path coefficients were 0.4364,0.1520 and 0.4141 respectively.Therefore,the selection of lateral vine yield,internode length,stem diameter and branching rate can be strengthened in the screening of branching germplasm resources and in the selection of crossbreeding groups and varieties.