纳米纤维基可水洗口罩的制备及性能

Preparation and performance of washable nanofiber mask

以不同质量分数的聚酰胺酸(PAA)溶液为前驱体,采用静电纺丝法制备不同结构的PAA纳米纤维膜,并对其微观形貌进行表征。结果表明,当PAA的质量分数为20%时,静电纺纳米纤维表面光滑且直径均匀。测试不同面密度下PAA纳米纤维膜的过滤性能及力学性能,结果显示,面密度为5 g/m2的PAA纳米纤维膜具有较为优异的过滤性能及力学性能。进一步探究热交联工艺对聚酰亚胺(PI)纳米纤维膜成型的影响,并将逐级交联20 min处理后的PI纳米纤维膜与熔喷层、针织层复合,得到具有多层结构的纳米纤维防护口罩,结果表明,口罩的初始过滤效率高达98.1%,水洗30次后仍可保持81.8%的过滤效率。由此可见,PI纳米纤维膜具有优异的结构稳定性与过滤性能,对提升口罩的耐水洗性具有重要意义。

Polyamide acid(PAA)nanofiber membranes with various microstructures were prepared by electrospinning technology taking different mass fractions of polyamide acid(PAA)solutions as precursors.The microscopic morphology of the PAA nanofiber membranes were studied,and the results showed that the nanofiber membrane with a mass fraction of 20%had a smooth surface and uniform diameter.The filtration and mechanical properties of the membranes were tested at different surface densities,and the results showed that the PAA nanofiber membranes with a surface density of 5 g/m2 had superior filtration and mechanical properties.The effect of thermal cross-linking process on the forming of polyimide(PI)nanofiber films was further investigated.The PI nanofiber membranes were compounded with melt-blown layer and knitted layer after 20 min cross-linking process step by step to prepare the nanofiber protective masks with multilayer structure.The results show that the mask has a high initial filtration efficiency of 98.1%,and can maintain a filtration efficiency of 81.8%after 30 washing cycles.Thus,the PI nanofiber membrane has excellent structural stability and filtration performance,which is of great significance for improving the washable properties of masks.