胡塞尔论明证性——一种现象学的研究途径

Analysis on Husserl s Evidence from Phenomenological Perspective

明证性是胡塞尔使用的一个重要概念,在其著作中贯彻始终。它与“S是P”直接相关,因而与认识相关。借助明证性,既可以讨论逻辑所涉及的东西,比如讨论与“是”和“真”相关的东西,也可以讨论超出逻辑范围的东西,比如讨论与“是”相关但无法与“真”相关的东西;既可以讨论与语言相关的东西,比如判断、主词、谓述,又可以讨论与语言表达的东西相关的东西,比如对象、性质、意义,还可以讨论意向,包括意向的对象、意向的行为和意向的内容。明证性这一概念的使用表明,胡塞尔的现象学依据和运用对逻辑的认识,是与逻辑密切联系在一起的。

Evidence,an important concept used by Husserl throughout his works,links directly with“S is P”,therefore with knowledge.Making use of the concept“evidence”,one can discuss what logic concerns,such as“yes”and“true”,and also discuss what is beyond logic,such as what is related to“is”and“true”;Still,one can discuss what is related to language expression,such as judgment,subject and predicate,and also discuss what is signified in language expression,such as object,attributes and meaning.Furthermore,one can also discuss intention,including the object of intention,the behavior of intention and the content of intention.The use of evidence by Husserl shows clearly that his work relies on his knowledge about logic and his phenomenology has close links with logic.