丝状病毒糖蛋白突变及治疗性抗体的研究进展

Research progress on filovirus glycoprotein mutations and therapeutic antibodies

埃博拉病毒(Ebola virus,EBOV)和马尔堡病毒(Marburg virus,MARV)同属丝状病毒科,均是传染率和致死率极高的四级烈性病毒,可感染人类及非人灵长类动物等。病毒表面的糖蛋白(glycoprotein,GP)与受体结合、病毒入胞密切相关,是导致病毒致病性最重要的蛋白,在抗体和疫苗的研发中被认为是重要靶点。在EBOV暴发期间已有4种针对GP的抗体(ZMAPP、Regn-EB3、m Ab114和MIL77)成功救治了多名感染EBOV的患者,但目前还没有MARV抗体进行过临床试验。现就丝状病毒EBOV和MARV的GP突变及治疗性抗体作一概述。

The filoviruses, Ebola virus(EBOV) and Marburg virus(MARV), are classified as biosafety level 4 pathogenic viruses with high infection rate and fatality rate, which can cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates. The glycoprotein(GP) on the surface of the virus is thought to be a vital target for the development of antibodies and vaccines against EBOV and MARV, owing to the highly pathogenic GP that is closely associated with receptor binding and virus entry into host cells. Four antibodies(ZMAPP, Regn-EB3, mAb114 and MIL77) have been successfully used in the treatment of patients infected with Ebola during the EBOV outbreaks, while no MARV antibodies have yet been tested in clinical trials. This article reviews GP mutations and therapeutic antibodies of EBOV and MARV.