失范与重构:网络空间的社会乱象及其治理之策——以“饭圈文化”为例

Anomie and Reconstruction:Social Chaos in Cyberspace and Its Governance Strategies-Taking“Fandom Culture”as an Example

“饭圈文化”作为一种亚文化,在网络传播中遵循“文化模因”的生命周期规律,并在同化阶段、记忆阶段、表达阶段、传播阶段存在诸多乱象,这是典型的网络空间问题,更是一种亟待解决的社会问题。“饭圈文化”乱象频发的主要原因有:外在环境层面的风险社会与加速社会的影响;主体行为层面的意见领袖“强模因”负向传播;内在精神层面的数字化时代的“群体性孤独”。解决“饭圈”乱象需在环境上加强平台的监督责任与法律的监督作用;在行为上发挥意见领袖“强模因”的正向传播力量;在精神上重塑道德榜样、增强粉丝的文化素养。

As a subculture,“fandom culture”follows the life cycle law of“cultural meme”in the network communication,and there are many chaotic phenomena in different stages.This is a typical cyberspace problem,and also a social problem that needs to be solved urgently.The main reasons are the impact of the external environment on the risk society and the accelerated society,the negative dissemination of strong memes among opinion leaders at the level of subject behavior,the“group loneliness”of the digital era at the inner spiritual level.To solve the chaos,it is necessary to strengthen the platform’s supervision responsibility and legal supervision role in the environment,to exert the positive communication power of opinion leaders’strong memes in behavior and to spiritually reshape moral role models and enhance the cultural literacy of fans.