山东省环境空气中挥发性卤代烃污染状况研究

Pollution characteristics of ambient halocarbons in Shandong province

为探究山东省挥发性卤代烃污染现状,对城市和企业周边环境空气样品采集,利用大气预浓缩-气相色谱/质谱法分析。结果表明山东省臭氧消耗物质履约执行情况整体较好,但存在四氯化碳排放。除臭氧层消耗物质外,最丰富的前5种物质为氯甲烷、二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷和1,2-二氯丙烷,占总挥发性卤代烃的78.6%~86.2%。二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯分别是北半球背景点浓度的2.4倍、19.3倍、35.1倍和7.3倍,表明城市环境空气受到人为活动影响较大,存在较强的人为排放源。不同企业之间优势物种不完全一致,存在工艺排放特点,化工厂和农药厂周边环境空气浓度最高。

In order to study ambient halocarbons pollution characteristics in Shandong province,air samples were collected in urban and industry nearby sites,and analysed use sampling-cryogenic trapping GC/MS.Results showed that Shandong has banned the usage of ODS substances while CCl4 is still exists emission.Besides ODS substances,the most abundant top 5 species in concentration is chloromethane,dichloromethane,chloroform,trichloroethylene and tetrochloroethelene,they accounted for 78.6%-86.2%of the total halocarbons.By comparing with the back ground data,dichloromethane,chloroform,trichloroethylene and tetrochloroethelene were 2.4,19.3,35.1 and 7.3 folds higher than North Hemisphere,indicates there exist strong anthropogenic emissions in Shandong province.The most prevalent species differ among different industries,presented process emissions characteristics,and there were higher ambient halocarbon concentrations in chemical plants and insecticide plants.