澳门地区青少年吸食大麻的影响因素研究

Marijuana Use Related Factors Among Macao region Adolescents

目的:探讨澳门地区青少年吸食大麻的影响因素,分析家庭监督、吸食大麻朋辈群体、危险生活方式以及大麻的接受程度对澳门地区青少年吸食大麻的影响。方法:本研究为横截面调查研究,采用多阶段分层概率与规模成比例整群抽样法,共抽取澳门地区中小学及大专共50所院校参与调查,共收集10079份有效问卷,分析澳门地区青少年吸食大麻的情况及其影响因素。结果:家庭监督显著减少了与吸食大麻朋友的交往(β=-0.04,P<0.05)和危险生活方式(β=-0.17,P<0.05),与吸食大麻朋友的交往和危险生活方式一方面直接增加了大麻吸食的风险,另一方面通过增加对大麻接受的程度而间接增加大麻的吸食风险。结论:家庭监督可以有效抑制青少年与吸食大麻朋辈群体的交往,并减少危险性的生活方式,从而降低青少年对大麻的接受程度和吸食大麻的概率。

Objective:To investigate marijuana use related factors among Macao region adolescents;specifically,to examine the influences of parental supervision,association with marijuana-using peers,risky lifestyles and acceptance towards marijuana on the probability of marijuana use among Macao region adolescents.Methods:The current study was a cross-sectional study and used multi-stage stratified probability-proportional-to-size cluster sampling to select 50 primary,secondary and tertiary institutions in Macao region.A total of 10079 completed questionnaires were collected to examine marijuana use among Macao region adolescents and related factors.Results:Family supervision significantly reduced interaction with cannabis-using friends(β=-0.04,P<0.05)and risky lifestyles(β=-0.17,P<0.05).Interaction with cannabis-using friends and risky lifestyles,on the one hand,directly increased the risk of cannabis use,and on the other hand,indirectly increased the risk of cannabis use by increasing the level of cannabis acceptance.Conclusion:Parental supervision could protect adolescents from associating with marijuana-using peers and involvement in risky lifestyles,which in turn reduces their acceptance towards marijuana and decreases the likelihood of marijuana use.Practical implications of the findings with regard to the prevention of marijuana use are discussed.