信息科技负外部性隐私伦理风险的治理

On governance of negative externalities of information science and technology privacy ethical risks

遵循《关于加强科技伦理治理的意见》所提出的伦理先行、加强源头治理的治理要求、加强科技伦理治理制度保障的意见,针对去匿名化、管理不善、知情同意失效、群体隐私侵权所带来的4种处于立法保护空白状态的信息科技负外部性隐私伦理风险问题,提出并论证了“信息科技客体分别与信息科技主体认识能力局限性和片面价值观相融合是信息科技负外部性隐私伦理风险的两方面成因”这一观点,在成因分析的基础上,提出了3项能够从源头予以治理的制度保障措施,即个人信息保护基金制度、个人信息集体管理制度以及隐私保护设计及其制度保障措施。

Aiming at the four kinds of problems of negative externalities of information science and technology privacy ethical risks in the blank of legislative protection caused by deanonymization,poor management,invalidation of informed consent and group privacy infringement,this paper puts forward and demonstrates the view that"the respective integration of information scientific and technological objects and information scientific and technological subjects'cognitive capacity limitations and onesided values are the two causes of negative externalities of information science and technology privacy ethical risks".Then,based on the analysis of the causes,it puts forward three institutional safeguards that can be governed from the source,namely,the personal information protection fund system,the collective management system of personal information,and the privacy protection design and its institutional safeguards.