昆虫信息素研究进展

Research advances in insects pheromones

信息素是昆虫信息交流和信号传递的“化学语言”,能调节和控制昆虫的行为和生理变化。从本质上来讲,昆虫信息素就是有机化合物,不同昆虫的信息素在结构和成分配比等方面存在差异。昆虫信息素种类众多,根据作用机制可分为释放信息素和启动信息素;根据发挥的功能可分为性信息素、聚集信息素、报警信息素和标记信息素等。它们通过接收者的化学感受系统被识别和接收,过程十分复杂。目前,昆虫信息素在害虫防治、生物监控和保护以及促进昆虫授粉等多个领域被广泛应用。为后续进一步研究和利用昆虫信息素,该文从昆虫信息素结构差异和演化过程、分类和功能、传播和感知方式以及在生产实践中的应用等方面进行总结和综述,并对昆虫信息素的研究进行展望。

Insect pheromone is a chemical language of insects for information communication and signal transmission,which can regulate and control entomic behavioral and physiological changes.In essence,insect pheromones are chemical substances that have different structures and proportions of components among various insects.Insect pheromones are diverse,and can be classified into releaser pheromones and primer pheromones based on functional mechanisms,or divided into sex pheromone,aggregation pheromone,alarm pheromone,marking pheromone and so on based on their biological functions.These pheromones are received and recognized by the sophisticated chemosensory system of receivers.Up to now,insect pheromones are widely used in pest control,biological monitoring and protection,and promoting insect pollination.In order to further improve research and use of insect pheromones,this review summarized the structure and evolution,classification and function,modes of communication and perception,and practical application of insect pheromones,and also looked into the future research.