以色列军队的科技精英教育计划及其借鉴意义

The Israeli Defense Forces’science and technology elite education program and its reference significance

“特比昂”计划是以色列国防军与耶路撒冷希伯来大学合作设立的本科拔尖创新人才培养项目,旨在为军队培养武器研发专家和技术领导。项目以严谨多维的甄选流程、扎实广泛的基础学科教育、全面综合的人才培养目标、学术与军事的紧密结合、灵活的岗位分配机制为突出特色,自实施以来为以色列培养了一批在武器装备研发、基础学科研究、高新技术应用方面作出突出贡献的杰出人才。“特比昂”计划的成功与以色列实行全民义务兵役制、具有体系完善的中小学英才教育等特殊国情密不可分,但其实践经验依然对军事人才培养具有启示意义。分析“特比昂”计划的人才培养特色和人才培养模式,提出军队院校可以在实施国防科技拔尖创新人才培养计划、优化人才培养路径、改革创新毕业分配机制方面进行创新性探索的建议。

Jointly established by the Israeli Defense Forces and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem,the Talpiot program is a top-notch innovative program for training talented undergraduates.Intended to nurture experts and military technical leaders in weapons research and development,the program is characterized by a rigorous and multi-dimensional selection process,solid and extensive education in the basic disciplines,comprehensive and holistic talent-training objectives,close integration of academic and military,and a flexible mechanism for job allocations.Since its implementation,it has cultivated outstanding talents who have made exceptional contributions to Israel in the fields of weapons and equipment R&D,basic scientific research,and high-tech applications.The Talpiot program could not have been successful without such unique Israeli policies as the national compulsory military service and the well-established system of gifted education in primary and secondary schools.However,the Talpiot program still offers practical insights into how we can cultivate military talents.By analyzing the talent-training characteristics and modes of the Talpiot program,we propose that Chinese military academies explore the implementation of a top-notch innovative talent-training program in national defense science and technology,optimizing the talent-training path and reforming and innovating the mechanism for graduate job allocations.