基于多普勒测速法的永磁体塞曼减速器研究

Research on permanent magnet Zeeman slower based on Doppler velocimetry

为实现锶原子光钟的空间应用,采用永磁体塞曼减速器,可有效规避塔状线圈造成的高功耗和体积占比大的问题,利于光钟的空间化发展。基于永磁体构建锶光钟的环状和柱状塞曼减速器,在减速原理、磁场构建和样品研制方面各有优劣,利用多普勒测速法可对两种减速器的减速效率进行测量,可将两种减速器的减速分布曲线累计分布后对比。实验结果表明:两种永磁体塞曼减速器都达到一定减速效果,但环状永磁体塞曼减速器在体积和减速效果上,相较单x方向的柱状永磁体塞曼减速器,体积减少了60%,重量减少了80%,减速效果部分区域效率高一倍,因此优势更为显著。进一步采用环状永磁体塞曼减速器俘获锶原子的三种同位素,完成了小型化锶原子光钟的一级俘获,满足零功耗、体积小的紧凑化光钟设计需求。

In order to realize the space application of strontium atomic optical clocks,the use of permanent magnet Zeeman slower can effectively avoid the problems of high power consumption and large volume ratio caused by tower coils,and is conducive to the spatial development of optical clocks.The annular and cylindrical Zeeman slowers of strontium optical clocks based on permanent magnets have their own advantages and disadvantages in the deceleration principle,magnetic field construction and sample development.The deceleration efficiency of the two slowers can be measured by Doppler velocimetry,and the deceleration distribution curves of the two slowers are cumulatively distributed and compared.The experimental results show that both the two permanent magnet Zeeman slowers achieve a certain deceleration effect,but the volume and deceleration effect of the annular permanent magnet Zeeman slower are compared with the cylindrical permanent magnet Zeeman slower with a single x direction.It has been reduced by 60%,the weight has been reduced by 80%,and the efficiency of some areas of the deceleration effect is doubled,so the advantages are even more significant.The ring-shaped permanent magnet Zeeman slower was further used to capture three isotopes of strontium atoms,and the first-order capture of a miniaturized strontium atomic optical clock was completed,meeting the design requirements of a compact optical clock with zero power consumption and small size.