基于水足迹理论的陕西省农业水资源可持续利用评价

Evaluation of Sustainable Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources in Shaanxi Province Based on Water Footprint Theory

水资源是农业可持续发展的最基本要素。结合陕西省2016-2020年农业水资源相关数据,借助水足迹理论与数理统计法对陕西省农业水资源利用进行评价。结果表明:农业水足迹整体呈现小幅波动、总体平稳态势,各市水足迹在空间分布上极不均衡;农业单位面积水足迹逐年上升;水资源匮乏度超过了可控制的范围,必须调整水资源战略,完善水利设施;农业水资源压力指数逐年下降,但指数仍超标并处于超载状态,且水资源开发利用潜量不大。因此陕西省应高度重视水资源短缺情况,优化各市种植和产业结构、大力发展节水技术,提高农业水资源利用效率。

Water resource is the most basic element of agricultural sustainable development.Based on the relevant data of agricultural water resources in Shaanxi Province from 2016 to 2020,this paper evaluates the utilization of agricultural water resources in Shaanxi Province by means of water footprint theory and mathematical statistics.The results are as follows:(1)the agricultural water footprint of Shaanxi Province fluctuated slightly and remained stable on the whole,with extremely unbalanced spatial distribution of water footprint in each city;(2)agricultural water footprint per unit area increased year by year;(3)the shortage of water resource was out of control,so the provincial water resources strategy needs adjustment and water resources facilities in Shaanxi need improvement;(4)the agricultural water pressure index decreased year by year,but it still exceeded the standard and was overloaded,and the potential capacity of water resources for utilization was not very large.Therefore,Shaanxi Province should attach great importance to its shortage of water resources,optimize the planting and industrial structure of each city,and vigorously develop water-saving technology so as to improve the utilization rate of agriculture water resource.