从《南天竺国菩提达摩禅师观门》看敦煌藏汉对音的方言差异

On the Dialectal Difference Reflected from the Tibetan-Chinese Transcription in the Ancient Dunhuang Documents Represented by Contemplation of the Chan Master Bodhidharma in Southern India

《南天竺国菩提达摩禅师观门》对音现象特殊。通过梳理其音变现象,并与其他敦煌藏汉对音文献进行比较,可归纳出该材料的8条创新特征与4条滞后特征。以这些特征衡量其他文献,可以看出不同文献间音系差异不能用时代先后来解释,无法总结出一条演变链,说明其中存在不同的方言变体。

The performance of Tibetan-Chinese transcription in Contemplation of the Chan Master Bodhidharma in Southern India is unique.A study into the sound changes in this document,coupled with a comparison with transcription performances in other Dunhuang Tibetan-Chinese documents,reveals eight innovative phonological features and four conservative features.In light of these features,it can be concluded that the phonological variations in different documents cannot be explained away with chronological difference as no chain shift can be generalized,but instead point to dialectal divergence.