有氧和抗阻运动对SAMP8小鼠免疫机能的影响

Effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on immune functions in SAMP8 mice

目的探讨有氧运动和抗阻运动两种运动方式对快速衰老小鼠(SAMP8小鼠)免疫机能的影响。方法24只28周龄雄性SAMP8小鼠分为模型组、有氧运动组、抗阻运动组,每组8只;另设8只同龄正常老化SAMR1小鼠作对照组。有氧运动组经匀速水平运动跑台训练8周,有氧运动组经递增负重爬梯运动训练8周。每两周测定相对抓力、转棒测试时间。测定免疫器官指数,观察免疫器官组织形态学,ELISA法检测血清IL2浓度,免疫组织化学观测脾IL2Rα蛋白表达,RT-qPCR法检测脾IL2、IL2Rα、IL2Rβ、IL2Rγ基因表达水平。结果与对照组相比,模型组相对抓力、转棒测试时间均显著下降(P<0.0001);胸腺指数、脾指数均显著下降(P<0.001);免疫器官衰老明显;血清IL2浓度显著降低(P<0.0001);脾IL2Rα蛋白阳性率显著降低(P<0.001);脾IL2、IL2Rα、IL2Rβ、IL2Rγ基因表达显著下降(P<0.01)。经8周有氧运动和抗阻运动干预后,与模型组相比,有氧运动组和抗阻运动组相对抓力、转棒测试时间均显著升高(P<0.05),抗阻运动组相对抓力较有氧运动组升高(P<0.05);有氧运动组和抗阻运动组胸腺指数、脾指数显著增高(P<0.05);免疫器官衰老延缓;有氧运动组和抗阻运动组血清IL2浓度显著升高(P<0.01);有氧运动组和抗阻运动组脾IL2Rα蛋白阳性率显著升高(P<0.05);有氧运动组和抗阻运动组脾IL2、IL2Rα、IL2Rβ、IL2Rγ基因表达显著升高(P<0.05)。结论有氧运动和抗阻运动均能延缓快速衰老小鼠免疫功能的增龄性下降,运动上调的IL2、IL2R表达可能是其作用靶点。

Objective To investigate the effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on immune functions in SAMP8 mice.Methods Twenty-eight-week-old male SAMP8 mice were divided into a model group,aerobic exercise group and resistance exercise group,with eight mice in each group.Another eight SAMR1 mice of the same age were used as the control group.The aerobic exercise group received 8 weeks of uniform horizontal exercise running platform training,and the resistance exercise group received 8 weeks of increasing weight climbing exercise training.The relative grip strength and rotarod test were performed every 2 weeks.The index of immune organs was measured.The histomorphology of immune organs was observed,and the serum IL2 concentration was measured by an ELISA.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expression of IL2Rαprotein in the spleen.RT-qPCR was used to detect gene expression of IL2,IL2Rα,IL2Rβ,and IL2Rγin the spleen.Results Compared with the control group,the relative grip strength and rotarod test time of model group were decreased significantly(P<0.0001).Thymus and spleen indexes were decreased significantly(P<0.001).Aging of immune organs was observed.The serum IL2 concentration was decreased significantly(P<0.0001).The positive rate of IL2Rαprotein in the spleen was decreased significantly(P<0.001).Gene expression of IL2,IL2Rα,IL2Rβand IL2Rγin the spleen was decreased significantly(P<0.01).After 8 weeks of aerobic and resistance exercise,compared with model group,the relative grasping strength and the rotarod test time of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise groups were increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with aerobic exercise group,the relative grasping strength of resistance exercise group was increased significantly(P<0.05).Thymus and spleen indexes of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise groups were increased significantly(P>0.05).Delays in aging of immune organs were observed.The serum IL2 concentration in aerobic exercise and resistance exercise groups was increased significantly(P<0.01).The positive rate IL2Rαprotein in the spleen in aerobic exercise and resistance exercise groups was increased significantly(P<0.05).Gene expression of IL2,IL2Rα,IL2Rβ,and IL2Rγthe in spleen in aerobic exercise and resistance exercise groups was increased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusions Aerobic and resistance exercise delays age-related decline of immune functions in SAMP8 mice,and the expression of IL2/IL2R upregulated by exercise may be its target.