消除贫困与饥饿的挑战及前景——基于澜湄五国的研究

Challenges and Prospects ofEradicating Poverty and Hunger:A Study in the Case of the Five Lancang-Mekong Countries of Vietnam,Laos,Cambodia,Myanmar and Thailand

自联合国2000年通过千年发展目标和2015年通过可持续开发目标以来,在国际社会的共同努力下,消除贫困与饥饿方面已经取得了稳步的进展。但在全球新冠疫情对经济的影响下,2030年全球消除饥饿的目标或难实现。由于发展基础和发展条件的差异性,越南、老挝、柬埔寨、缅甸和泰国等澜湄五国减贫进度整体慢于世界平均水平,营养不良人口数量增加,粮食安全受到冲击,可持续农业发展滞后。文章围绕消除贫困与饥饿的目标,以澜湄五国为重点,分析从2000年通过千年发展目标以来,到2015年通过可持续开发目标,以及面向2030年目标,在消除贫困和饥饿方面取得的进展及面临的挑战,并提出相关对策建议。

Since the United Nations adopted the Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)in 2000 and the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)in 2015,steady progress has been made in eradicating poverty and hunger with the joint efforts of the international community.However,under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the worldwide great depression,the world has deviated from the track of eradicating poverty by 2030,and it might be difficult to fulfill the goal of eradicating hunger in the world by 2030.Due to differences in the foundation and development conditions,the overall progress of poverty reduction in the five Lancang-Mekong countries,i.e.,Vietnam,Laos,Cambodia,Myanmar and Thailand,is generally slower than the world average.The number of malnourished people has increased,food security has been affected,and sustainable agricultural development has lagged behind.Focusing on Goals 1 and 2,this paper analyzes the progress and challenges in eradicating poverty and hunger from the adoption of the MDGs in 2000 to the SDGs in 2015,with a focus on the Five Lancang-Mekong countries,and proposes relevant countermeasures.