美国国家实验室科技成果转化进展

Technology Transfer Progress of National Laboratories in USA

介绍了美国国家实验室科技成果转化年度报告的历史沿革与报告范围,通过文献梳理和数据统计分析方法探究了美国国家实验室科技成果转化取得的进展,为促进我国国家实验室科技成果转化提供有益经验借鉴。研究发现,美国国家实验室科技成果转化各种关键指标,如发明披露、授权专利、发明许可和传统产学研合作等,整体呈现出越来越积极的趋势。最后,在总结美国国家实验室科技成果转化成功经验的基础上,从职能定位、发明披露、专利申请前评估、研发经费支持、人员能力和年度报告制度等角度对促进我国国家实验室科技成果转化提出参考建议。

This paper introduces the historical evolution and scope of the annual report,explores the progress through literature review and data statistical analysis,and provides useful experience for Chinese national laboratories.It turns out that various key indicators have shown an increasingly positive trend as a whole,such as invention disclosure,patents issued,invention licenses and cooperative research and development agreements.Finally,on the basis of summarizing the successful experience of the national laboratory of the USA,some reference suggestions are put forward to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of national laboratories in China from the perspectives of functional positioning,invention disclosure,pre patent application evaluation,R&D funding support,personnel ability and annual reporting system.