强度与指向:政府支持企业创新发展的注意力研究——基于中央科技政策文本的分析

The Attention Evolution of the Government Supports Enterprise Innovation and Development:Based on the Analysis of the Central Science and Technology Policy Texts from 1983 to 2019

政府支持企业创新发展的注意力变化及其分配对我国企业的创新发展具有重要的意义,而当前学界缺乏对此问题的深入探索。本文主要采用ROSTCM 6.0软件对1983—2019年中央科技政策文本进行分析,总结提炼了此时期内中央政府支持企业创新发展的注意力强度与指向变化。结果表明:①中央政府支持企业创新发展的注意力强度经历了从“波动上升”到“相对稳定”的变化过程;②中央政府支持企业创新发展的施政重心经历了从“增强企业活力”到“创新驱动发展”的变化历程,不同时期中央政府对支持企业创新发展的认知以及需求存在差异,中央对支持企业创新发展的总体认知也在不断深化。③中央政府支持企业创新发展的注意力指向发生了明显转移,技术发展实现了从“重引进学习”到“创新驱动发展”的战略转型,制度建设则朝着从“重管理”到“重服务”的方向转变,体现了政府在“瘦身”的同时,为企业创新发展“放水养鱼”。

The attention change and distribution of the central government to support the innovation and development of enterprises are of great significance to the innovation and development of enterprises in China.The policy attention evolution of enterprise innovation and development reflects the intensity and direction of the government to support the enterprise innovation and development.Mainly using ROSTCM 6 software to analyze the central science and technology policy text from 1983 to 2019,the changes of policy discourse and the changes in the attention intensity of the central government supporting the innovation and development of enterprises in this period were summarized.The research shows that the attention intensity of the central government to support the innovation and development of enterprises has experienced a change process of“fluctuation rise”to“relatively stable”.The central government’s policy focus on supporting enterprise innovation and development has undergone a change process from“enhancing enterprise vitality”to“innovation-driven development”.In different periods,the central government has different cognition and needs to support enterprise innovation and development.The government’s requirements for enterprise innovation and development are also constantly improving.The central government’s attention to supporting the innovation and development of enterprises has shifted significantly.The technological innovation of Chinese enterprises has undergone a strategic transformation from“re-introduction and learning”to“innovation-driven development”,the transformation of system construction from“heavy management”to“service”.It reflects the further improvement of the national requirements for enterprise innovation ability.