从《事林广记》正字规范管窥元代正字理念

Through an Analysis of Orthographic Norms of Shilin Guangji To See the Orthographic Ideas in Yuan Dynasty

《事林广记》最初由南宋末年陈元靓编撰,元人不断增补的一部日用百科全书式的中国古代民间类书。其中有关正字规范的记载,在中国古代类书中是第一次且唯一一次收录,也是在学者专门的正字著作以外的书籍中首次出现。《事林广记》流传广泛,贴近百姓生活,最能反映民间真正的愿望与需求。可以说,其中的正字理念也代表了元代的正字理念,在“可以说其中的正字理念也代表了元代的正字理念”。文章通过分析《事林广记》正字规范内容,归纳出其中蕴含的正字理念:(1)正字标准遵从经典;(2)主张避俗,但某些俗字有一定的合理性;(3)正字与字形结构分析相结合;(4)初步隐含“错字”这一概念,但十分模糊;(5)正字规范中存在繁简之争。

Shilin Guangji is an encyclopedia-like folk reference book in ancient China,compiled by Chen Yuanliang in the late Southern Song Dynasty and supplemented by Yuan people.Records of Ortho-graphic norms in Shilin Guangji is the first and only time recorded in encyclopedia in ancient China,and it is also the first time recorded in books except for special Orthographic norms writing of scholars.Shilin Guangjispreads far and wide,Closes to the life of the people.and can best reflects the real wishes and needs of the masses.It can be said that the ideas of Orthographic norms also represents the ideas of the Yuan Dynasty.By analyzing the content of Orthographic norms,this article conclude the orthographic ide-as contained in Shilin Guangji as follows:(1)standard of orthography follow the principles of classic books;(2)avoid Vulgar Characters while it believe that some folk words have certain rationality;(3)combine Orthography with analysis of the structure of Chinese Character;(4)Preliminarily implied the concept of wrong characters,but it is very vague;(5)There is a dispute between traditional and simplified Chinese characters in Orthographic norms.