巴基斯坦国家安全政策新态势及其影响

The Latest Situation of Pakistan National Security Policy and Its Influence

2022年1月,巴基斯坦发布《国家安全政策2022—2026》(NSP)公开版本。作为该国首个国家安全政策文件,NSP深刻反映了巴基斯坦传统安全战略弊端显现、自身经济问题持续发酵和安全威胁多元化发展的现实背景,具有政策目标的总体性、政策手段的多样性、政策效果的不可预期性等多重特点。NSP的现实影响表现在三个方面:一是为巴基斯坦加强社会治理、维护国家安全提供了努力方向,严酷的现实环境也加剧了其实施NSP的危机感和紧迫感;二是为中美印等国家处理与巴基斯坦的关系提供了动力或契机,有助于促进南亚地区地缘政治稳定和经济贸易发展;三是NSP作为围绕全面安全概念制定的政策,将对世界安全形势产生一定的积极影响。中国作为巴基斯坦的全天候战略合作伙伴,应继续深化中巴多领域合作,为巴基斯坦实现NSP的美好愿景提供外部助力。

In January 2022,Pakistan released the public version of the National Security Policy 2022-2026(NSP).As the country's first national security policy,the NSP profoundly reflects the realistic background of Pakistan's traditional security strategy's shortcomings,the continuous fermentation of its own economic problems,and the development of diversified security threats,and has multiple characteristics such as the overall nature of policy objectives,the diversity of policy instruments,and the unpredictability of policy effects.The real impact of NSP is manifested in three aspects:First,it provides a direction for Pakistan to strengthen social governance and safeguard national security.The harsh realistic environment also intensifies its sense of crisis and urgency in implementing NSP.Second,it provides impetus or opportunity for China,the United States,India and other countries to deal with their relations with Pakistan,which is conducive to promoting geopolitical stability and economic and trade development in South Asia.Third,as a policy formulated around the concept of comprehensive security,NSP will have a certain positive impact on the world security situation.As Pakistan's all-weather strategic partner,China should continue to deepen China-Pakistan multi-disciplinary cooperation and provide external assistance for Pakistan to realize the bright vision of NSP.