2019—2021年成都市郫都区户籍居民心脑血管疾病死因分析

Analysis of death causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among registered residents in Pidu District of Chengdu from 2019 to 2021

目的 了解2019—2021年成都市郫都区户籍居民心脑血管疾病的死亡特征,为提出心脑血管疾病防治对策提供科学依据。方法 2019—2021年成都市郫都区户籍居民心脑血管疾病死亡监测数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统,使用Excel 2010、SPSS 23.0软件统计分析死亡率,不同年份、病种、性别、年龄、地区的死亡率比较采用卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2019—2021年成都市郫都区户籍居民心脑血管疾病居死因第2位,年均死亡率为1.48‰,占总死亡数的26.21%。心脑血管疾病死亡率有逐年增高的趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=10.197,P=0.001);各年间脑血管病死亡率均高于心脏病死亡率(χ^(2)_(2019)=51.147、χ^(2)_(2020)=134.386、χ^(2)_(2021)=89.704,P均<0.001);各年间男性居民心脑血管疾病死亡率均高于女性死亡率(χ^(2)_(2019)=11.954,P<0.001;χ^(2)_(2020)=12.447,P<0.001;χ^(2)_(2021)=21.765,P<0.001);心脑血管疾病死亡率随年龄增加而有增高的趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=8 349.640,P<0.001);农村居民心脑血管疾病死亡率高于城镇居民死亡率(χ^(2)=19.598,P<0.001)。结论 心脑血管疾病已经成为影响郫都区居民健康的主要疾病之一,针对心脑血管疾病应加强健康教育宣传力度、推进健康生活行动、普及早期筛查与干预。

Objective To understand the death characteristics of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Pidu District of Chengdu from 2019 to 2021,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Methods The data of cerebrovascular disease deaths among residents in Pidu District of Chengdu from 2019 to 2021 were obtained from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System.The mortality rates were analyzed by using Excel 2010 and SPSS 23.0,chi-square test was used to compare the mortality of different years,disease types,sex,age,and regions.The difference was statistically significant with P<0.05.Results From 2019 to 2021,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases ranked the second cause of death among residents in Pidu District of Chengdu, with an averageannual death rate of 1.48‰ , accounting for 26.21% of the total deaths. The mortality rate ofcardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases had a trend of increasing year by year (χ^(2)_(trend)=10.197,P=0.001);The mortality of cerebrovascular diseases was higher than that of heart disease in allyears (χ^(2)_(2019)=51.147、χ^(2)_(2020)=134.386、χ^(2)_(2021)=89.704,P<0.001);The mortality rate of cardiovascularand cerebrovascular diseases in male residents was higher than that of women in all years(χ^(2)_(2019)=11.954, P=0.001;χ^(2)_(2020)=12.447, P<0.001;χ^(2)_(2021)=21.765, P<0.001);The mortality rateof cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases increased with age (χ^(2)_(trend)=8 349.640,P<0.001);Themortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of rural residents was higher than thatof urban residents (χ^(2)=19.598, P<0.001) . Conclusions Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseaseshave become one of the main diseases affecting the health of residents in Pidu District. Forcardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, health education and publicity efforts should bestrengthened, healthy lifestyle actions should be promoted, and early screening and interventionshould be popularized.