岩溶洞穴体积测量方法及试验研究

Measurement Method and Experimental Study of Karst Rock Cavity Volume

在城市岩溶治理中,常采用注浆的方法对溶洞进行填充加固,但由于溶洞体积数据难以获取,注浆量难以把控,因此获得溶洞的体积数据是对溶洞并进行填充处理的关键所在。基于理想气体状态方程的试验原理,采用气体注入压力激励法,提出了一种针对封闭的岩溶洞穴的体积测量方法,即通过测量溶洞模型和辅助测量容器模型在气体交换前后气压和温度的变化从而计算获得溶洞体积。并运用CFD软件FLUENT对简化后的试验原理从数值模拟方面进行验证,设计了相关试验装置并进行了室内试验,试验结果验证了简化后原理的可行性及试验装置的可操作性。该方法原理简单且应用简便,具有溶洞连通性判断、大小推测以及溶洞体积计算的应用前景。

In the treatment of the urban karstic rock cavities,grouting is often used to fill and to reinforce the karstic rock cavities.However,it is difficult to obtain the volume information of the cave and the grouting quantity is difficult to control.Therefore,the key to fill the rock cavities is to obtain the volume information of the karstic rock cavities.Based on the experimental principle of the ideal gas state equation,a method of the volume measurement for a closed dry cave is proposed by using the method of the gas injection pressure excitation.That is,the volume of the cave is estimated by measuring the change of the air pressure and the temperature before and after the gas exchange between the model of cave and auxiliary measuring device.The simplified test principle is verified by the CFD software FLUENT.The experimental equipment is designed for the indoor test.The test results verify the feasibility of the simplified principle and the operability of the test device.This method is simple in both principle and application and has the application potential of the cavity connectivity judgment,size estimation and the cave volume estimation.