不同程度压力对篮球裁判员判罚决策的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Different Levels of Stress on Basketball Referees’Decision Making

目的:探究不同身心压力对篮球裁判员判罚决策绩效的影响。方法:将25名被试者依据裁判等级和执裁次数分组,采用近三年NBA季后赛和常规赛的28个篮球实战视频片段为决策绩效的测试任务,结合主观疲劳量表(BROG)、视觉模拟量表(VAS)和自我情绪评定量(SAM)表,从多维度检验被试者在不同身心压力下的决策绩效。结果:在不同身心压力条件下BROG、VAS和SAM得分均存在显著差异(p<0.05),但并未对裁判员的决策绩效产生统计学意义;不同裁判员等级和不同执裁经验的裁判员判罚决策绩效存在显著差异。结论:不管是心理压力还是身体压力,均未对篮球裁判员的判罚决策绩效产生影响,不同裁判员等级和不同执裁经验的裁判员判罚决策绩效存在明显差异,其中高等级和经验丰富的裁判员决策绩效要更为优秀。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of physical and psychological stress on the decision-making performance of basketball referees and to examine their decision-making performance under simulated real-world conditions using a treadmill,live audience,and noise.Methods:Twenty-five participants were grouped by referee level and number of officiating experiences.Twenty-eight basketball game video clips from the NBA playoffs and regular season over the past three years were used as decision-making tasks to evaluate the participants’decision-making performance.The rating scales of the BORG,VAS,and SAM were used to assess the participants’decision-making performance under different physical and psychological stress conditions.Results:There were significant differences in BORG,VAS,and SAM scores under different physical and psychological stress conditions(p<0.05),but no statistically significant effect on the decision-making performance of basketball referees was observed.Significant differences were observed in the decision-making performance of referees with different levels of experience and officiating experience.Conclusion:Neither psychological nor physical stress affected the decision-making performance of basketball referees.However,significant differences in the decision-making performance were observed among referees with different levels of experience and officiating experience,with higher-level and more experienced referees demonstrating better decision-making performance.