运动对大学生执行功能干预效果及脑机制的研究进展

Research Progress on the Intervention Effect and Brain Mechanism of Exercise on Executive Function in College Students

执行功能对于大学生的健康发展起着不可或缺的作用。大学生执行功能受损容易造成身体和心理上的缺陷,例如产生学习障碍、注意缺陷与多动障碍、精神分裂症以及抑郁等多种疾病。目前大量研究证实运动对大学生的执行功能有促进效益,但是运动方式、运动时间以及运动强度的不同对大学生执行功能中三个子功能的干预效果和脑机制的影响存在显著差异。因此,如何根据当前研究中的干预效果及脑机制,精准推进相关研究的进展,并且制定出针对大学生特定人群的运动处方,成为了当前亟于解决的问题。本文据此就当前运动对大学生执行功能的干预效果及脑机制的研究进展进行综述。

Executive functioning plays an integral role in the healthy development of college students.Impaired executive functioning in college students can lead to physical and psychological deficits,such as learning disabilities,attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders,schizophrenia,and depression,among other disorders.A large number of studies have confirmed the beneficial effects of exercise on executive function in college students,but there are significant differences in the effects of interventions and brain mechanisms on the three sub-functions of executive function in college students depending on the mode of exercise,duration of exercise,and intensity of exercise.Therefore,there is a pressing need to address the issue of how to precisely advance the research and develop exercise prescriptions for specific populations of college students based on the intervention effects and brain mechanisms in the current study.This article reviews the current research on the effects of exercise on executive function and brain mechanisms in college students.